feat: add selective vCard batch workflows

README.md

@@ -20,8 +20,14 @@ tenant summaries, and uninstall guards.
 
 The first UI supports user, group, tenant, and system-scoped address books,
 multi-value contact methods, soft deletion, restore, read-only lookup/search,
-and vCard import/export for common contact fields. Imported vCards preserve
-source payload and revision metadata for later sync/conflict work.
+and vCard import/export for common contact fields. Multi-file vCard imports now
+create a persisted preview before mutation, expose duplicate suggestions and
+per-card create/update/ignore choices, reject stale plans, and make identical
+commit retries idempotent. Pending batches can be reloaded or cancelled.
+Address-book, address-list, and selected-contact exports explicitly support
+vCard 3.0 or 4.0 with deterministic ordering and a recorded content hash.
+Imported vCards preserve source payload and revision metadata for later
+sync/conflict work, while batch diagnostics expose only bounded metadata.
 
 The backend and WebUI also support classical address lists: reusable groupings
 of contacts or specific contact methods within one address book. Campaigns can

docs/INTERFACE_PATTERN_MIGRATION.md

@@ -26,6 +26,11 @@ imports, synchronization, quality review, and reversible merge operations.
   source diagnostics and conflict state as explicitly stated.
 - Imports and synchronization separate preview from apply; incomplete external
   reads never infer deletions.
+- vCard batch upload accepts multiple files, persists a non-mutating preview,
+  and requires an explicit create/update/ignore choice for every reviewed card.
+  Reload and cancellation preserve the pending plan; only applying the matching
+  plan hash mutates contacts. Scoped exports name the selected vCard version and
+  use deterministic ordering.
 - Merge and communication-governance operations append auditable evidence and
   never silently erase prior state.
 - Request feedback is rendered as a compact shared alert over the full-height

src/govoplan_addresses/backend/db/models.py

@@ -587,9 +587,9 @@ class AddressImportRun(Base, TimestampMixin):
         nullable=False,
         index=True,
     )
-    profile_id: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(
+    profile_id: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(
         ForeignKey("addresses_import_profiles.id", ondelete="RESTRICT"),
-        nullable=False,
+        nullable=True,
         index=True,
     )
     source_filename: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(500), nullable=False)
@@ -607,7 +607,7 @@ class AddressImportRun(Base, TimestampMixin):
     rolled_back_at: Mapped[datetime | None] = mapped_column(DateTime(timezone=True), nullable=True, index=True)
 
     address_book: Mapped[AddressBook] = relationship()
-    profile: Mapped[AddressImportProfile] = relationship()
+    profile: Mapped[AddressImportProfile | None] = relationship()
 
 
 __all__ = [

src/govoplan_addresses/backend/import_schemas.py

@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ class AddressImportDiagnosticResponse(BaseModel):
 class AddressImportRunResponse(BaseModel):
     id: str
     address_book_id: str
-    profile_id: str
+    profile_id: str | None
     source_filename: str
     source_format: str
     input_hash: str

src/govoplan_addresses/backend/manifest.py

@@ -460,6 +460,31 @@ manifest = ModuleManifest(
             related_modules=("connectors", "datasources", "dataflow", "files", "audit"),
             order=33,
         ),
+        DocumentationTopic(
+            id="addresses.vcard-batches",
+            title="Selective vCard batch import and export",
+            summary="Preview multiple vCard files, choose each card's effect, and export deterministic scoped files.",
+            body=(
+                "One or more UTF-8 .vcf files are parsed into a persisted, non-mutating preview with bounded diagnostics, "
+                "duplicate suggestions, an input hash, a parser version, and a deterministic plan hash. Operators choose "
+                "create, update, or ignore only where the reviewed plan permits it. Apply rejects stale contact targets and "
+                "is idempotent for the same selection; a different retry is rejected. Pending runs can be reloaded or cancelled "
+                "without changing contacts. Upload size, file count, card count, line count, and unfolded-line length are bounded. "
+                "Exports can target a complete address book, one address list, or explicit contacts; vCard 3.0 or 4.0 is selected "
+                "explicitly and contacts use deterministic display-name and stable-ID ordering. Export and import evidence records "
+                "hashes and counts, while diagnostics never disclose raw contact payloads. Large previews remain persisted and expose "
+                "their batch execution mode so a runtime job capability can execute them asynchronously when available."
+            ),
+            layer="configured",
+            documentation_types=("admin", "user"),
+            audience=("tenant_admin", "operator", "module_admin", "power_user"),
+            related_modules=("files", "audit", "connectors"),
+            order=34,
+            metadata={
+                "seed": True,
+                "help_contexts": ["addresses.action.import", "addresses.contacts", "addresses.sources"],
+            },
+        ),
         DocumentationTopic(
             id="addresses.ldap-directory",
             title="LDAP and Active Directory address sources",
@@ -475,7 +500,7 @@ manifest = ModuleManifest(
             documentation_types=("admin", "user"),
             audience=("tenant_admin", "operator", "module_admin"),
             related_modules=("connectors", "idm", "access", "policy", "audit"),
-            order=34,
+            order=35,
         ),
         DocumentationTopic(
             id="addresses.quality-and-merge",
@@ -513,7 +538,7 @@ manifest = ModuleManifest(
             documentation_types=("admin", "user"),
             audience=("tenant_admin", "operator", "module_admin", "power_user"),
             related_modules=("dist_lists", "connectors", "datasources", "campaigns", "policy", "audit"),
-            order=35,
+            order=36,
             metadata={
                 "seed": True,
                 "help_contexts": [

src/govoplan_addresses/backend/migrations/versions/d6e8f9a0b1c2_vcard_batch_runs.py

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+"""Allow profile-free persisted vCard batch runs.
+
+Revision ID: d6e8f9a0b1c2
+Revises: c5d7e8f9a0b1
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from alembic import op
+import sqlalchemy as sa
+
+
+revision = "d6e8f9a0b1c2"
+down_revision = "c5d7e8f9a0b1"
+branch_labels = None
+depends_on = None
+
+
+def upgrade() -> None:
+    with op.batch_alter_table("addresses_import_runs") as batch:
+        batch.alter_column(
+            "profile_id",
+            existing_type=sa.String(length=36),
+            nullable=True,
+        )
+
+
+def downgrade() -> None:
+    with op.batch_alter_table("addresses_import_runs") as batch:
+        batch.alter_column(
+            "profile_id",
+            existing_type=sa.String(length=36),
+            nullable=False,
+        )

src/govoplan_addresses/backend/router.py

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 from dataclasses import asdict
+import json
 import re
 
 from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, HTTPException, Query, Response, status
@@ -56,6 +57,23 @@ from govoplan_addresses.backend.imports import (
     rollback_address_import,
     update_import_profile,
 )
+from govoplan_addresses.backend.vcard_batch_schemas import (
+    VCardBatchCancelRequest,
+    VCardBatchCommitRequest,
+    VCardBatchPreviewRequest,
+    VCardBatchRunResponse,
+    VCardExportRequest,
+    VCardExportResponse,
+)
+from govoplan_addresses.backend.vcard_batches import (
+    apply_vcard_batch,
+    cancel_vcard_batch,
+    export_vcards,
+    get_vcard_batch_run,
+    preview_vcard_batch,
+    vcard_batch_payload,
+    vcard_diagnostics_payload,
+)
 from govoplan_addresses.backend.capabilities import (
     AddressesContactPointResolutionCapability,
     AddressesContactWriterCapability,
@@ -238,9 +256,7 @@ def _contact_response(
         decision = quality.get((channel, point_id)) or quality.get((channel, None))
         return {
             "quality_state": decision.state if decision is not None else "valid",
-            "quality_reason_code": (
-                decision.reason_code if decision is not None else None
-            ),
+            "quality_reason_code": (decision.reason_code if decision is not None else None),
         }
 
     return ContactResponse.model_validate(
@@ -323,9 +339,7 @@ def _contact_point_audit_details(
         "postal": [item.id for item in contact.postal_addresses],
     }
     return {
-        f"{key_prefix}contact_point_counts": {
-            channel: len(ids) for channel, ids in point_ids.items()
-        },
+        f"{key_prefix}contact_point_counts": {channel: len(ids) for channel, ids in point_ids.items()},
         f"{key_prefix}contact_point_ids": point_ids,
     }
 
@@ -454,7 +468,9 @@ def _sync_source_response(sync_source: AddressSyncSource) -> AddressSyncSourceRe
     )
 
 
-def _sync_diagnostic_response(diagnostic: AddressSyncDiagnostic) -> AddressSyncDiagnosticResponse:
+def _sync_diagnostic_response(
+    diagnostic: AddressSyncDiagnostic,
+) -> AddressSyncDiagnosticResponse:
     return AddressSyncDiagnosticResponse.model_validate(
         {
             "id": diagnostic.id,
@@ -470,7 +486,9 @@ def _sync_diagnostic_response(diagnostic: AddressSyncDiagnostic) -> AddressSyncD
     )
 
 
-def _sync_tombstone_response(tombstone: AddressSyncTombstone) -> AddressSyncTombstoneResponse:
+def _sync_tombstone_response(
+    tombstone: AddressSyncTombstone,
+) -> AddressSyncTombstoneResponse:
     return AddressSyncTombstoneResponse.model_validate(
         {
             "id": tombstone.id,
@@ -490,7 +508,9 @@ def _sync_tombstone_response(tombstone: AddressSyncTombstone) -> AddressSyncTomb
     )
 
 
-def _sync_conflict_response(conflict: AddressSyncConflict) -> AddressSyncConflictResponse:
+def _sync_conflict_response(
+    conflict: AddressSyncConflict,
+) -> AddressSyncConflictResponse:
     return AddressSyncConflictResponse.model_validate(
         {
             "id": conflict.id,
@@ -583,7 +603,11 @@ def api_list_address_books(
     return AddressBookListResponse(address_books=[_book_response(book, contact_count=counts.get(book.id, 0)) for book in books])
 
 
-@router.post("/address-books", response_model=AddressBookResponse, status_code=status.HTTP_201_CREATED)
+@router.post(
+    "/address-books",
+    response_model=AddressBookResponse,
+    status_code=status.HTTP_201_CREATED,
+)
 def api_create_address_book(
     payload: AddressBookCreateRequest,
     principal: ApiPrincipal = Depends(get_api_principal),
@@ -591,7 +615,12 @@ def api_create_address_book(
 ):
     _require_scope(principal, "addresses:address_book:write")
     try:
-        book = create_address_book(session, principal, payload, allow_system=has_scope(principal, "addresses:address_book:admin"))
+        book = create_address_book(
+            session,
+            principal,
+            payload,
+            allow_system=has_scope(principal, "addresses:address_book:admin"),
+        )
         session.commit()
         session.refresh(book)
         return _book_response(book)
@@ -738,10 +767,7 @@ def api_suggest_duplicate_contacts(
                     right=_contact_response(item.right),
                     score=item.score,
                     confidence=item.confidence,
-                    features=[
-                        ContactDuplicateFeatureResponse(**asdict(feature))
-                        for feature in item.features
-                    ],
+                    features=[ContactDuplicateFeatureResponse(**asdict(feature)) for feature in item.features],
                 )
                 for item in scan.suggestions
             ],
@@ -778,10 +804,7 @@ def api_address_quality_summary(
             quality_counts=summary.quality_counts,
             duplicate_suggestion_count=summary.duplicate_suggestion_count,
             correction_count=summary.correction_count,
-            corrections=[
-                AddressQualityCorrectionResponse(**asdict(item))
-                for item in summary.corrections
-            ],
+            corrections=[AddressQualityCorrectionResponse(**asdict(item)) for item in summary.corrections],
             truncated=summary.truncated,
         )
     except AddressBookError as exc:
@@ -895,9 +918,7 @@ def api_resolve_contact_redirect(
 ):
     _require_scope(principal, "addresses:contact:read")
     try:
-        return ContactRedirectResponse.model_validate(
-            asdict(resolve_contact_redirect(session, principal, contact_id))
-        )
+        return ContactRedirectResponse.model_validate(asdict(resolve_contact_redirect(session, principal, contact_id)))
     except AddressBookError as exc:
         raise _error(exc) from exc
 
@@ -1167,16 +1188,23 @@ def api_list_address_lists(
 ):
     _require_scope(principal, "addresses:address_list:read")
     try:
-        address_lists = list_address_lists(session, principal, address_book_id=address_book_id, include_deleted=include_deleted)
-        counts = address_list_entry_counts(session, [address_list.id for address_list in address_lists])
-        return AddressListListResponse(
-            address_lists=[_address_list_response(address_list, entry_count=counts.get(address_list.id, 0)) for address_list in address_lists]
+        address_lists = list_address_lists(
+            session,
+            principal,
+            address_book_id=address_book_id,
+            include_deleted=include_deleted,
         )
+        counts = address_list_entry_counts(session, [address_list.id for address_list in address_lists])
+        return AddressListListResponse(address_lists=[_address_list_response(address_list, entry_count=counts.get(address_list.id, 0)) for address_list in address_lists])
     except AddressBookError as exc:
         raise _error(exc) from exc
 
 
-@router.post("/address-books/{book_id}/address-lists", response_model=AddressListResponse, status_code=status.HTTP_201_CREATED)
+@router.post(
+    "/address-books/{book_id}/address-lists",
+    response_model=AddressListResponse,
+    status_code=status.HTTP_201_CREATED,
+)
 def api_create_address_list(
     book_id: str,
     payload: AddressListCreateRequest,
@@ -1247,7 +1275,10 @@ def api_restore_address_list(
         raise _error(exc) from exc
 
 
-@router.get("/address-lists/{address_list_id}/entries", response_model=AddressListEntryListResponse)
+@router.get(
+    "/address-lists/{address_list_id}/entries",
+    response_model=AddressListEntryListResponse,
+)
 def api_list_address_list_entries(
     address_list_id: str,
     principal: ApiPrincipal = Depends(get_api_principal),
@@ -1261,7 +1292,11 @@ def api_list_address_list_entries(
         raise _error(exc) from exc
 
 
-@router.post("/address-lists/{address_list_id}/entries", response_model=AddressListEntryResponse, status_code=status.HTTP_201_CREATED)
+@router.post(
+    "/address-lists/{address_list_id}/entries",
+    response_model=AddressListEntryResponse,
+    status_code=status.HTTP_201_CREATED,
+)
 def api_create_address_list_entry(
     address_list_id: str,
     payload: AddressListEntryCreateRequest,
@@ -1332,7 +1367,10 @@ def api_list_write_targets(
     return AddressBookWriteTargetsResponse(targets=[_write_decision_response(decision) for decision in decisions])
 
 
-@router.get("/address-books/{book_id}/write-decision", response_model=AddressBookWriteDecisionResponse)
+@router.get(
+    "/address-books/{book_id}/write-decision",
+    response_model=AddressBookWriteDecisionResponse,
+)
 def api_get_address_book_write_decision(
     book_id: str,
     operation: str = Query(default="create_contact"),
@@ -1378,9 +1416,7 @@ def api_discover_ldap_base_dns(
 ):
     _require_scope(principal, "addresses:sync:write")
     try:
-        return AddressLdapDiscoveryResponse(
-            base_dns=list(discover_ldap_base_dns(session, principal, payload))
-        )
+        return AddressLdapDiscoveryResponse(base_dns=list(discover_ldap_base_dns(session, principal, payload)))
     except (AddressBookError, AddressLdapError) as exc:
         raise _error(AddressBookError(str(exc))) from exc
 
@@ -1438,7 +1474,11 @@ def api_list_address_credentials(
     )
 
 
-@router.post("/address-books/{book_id}/carddav/sources", response_model=AddressSyncSourceResponse, status_code=status.HTTP_201_CREATED)
+@router.post(
+    "/address-books/{book_id}/carddav/sources",
+    response_model=AddressSyncSourceResponse,
+    status_code=status.HTTP_201_CREATED,
+)
 def api_create_carddav_sync_source(
     book_id: str,
     payload: AddressCardDavSourceCreateRequest,
@@ -1454,7 +1494,11 @@ def api_create_carddav_sync_source(
             action="addresses.sync_source_created",
             object_type="address_sync_source",
             object_id=sync_source.id,
-            details={"address_book_id": book_id, "connector_type": "carddav", "sync_direction": sync_source.sync_direction},
+            details={
+                "address_book_id": book_id,
+                "connector_type": "carddav",
+                "sync_direction": sync_source.sync_direction,
+            },
         )
         session.commit()
         session.refresh(sync_source)
@@ -1473,7 +1517,12 @@ def api_list_sync_sources(
 ):
     _require_scope(principal, "addresses:sync:read")
     try:
-        sync_sources = list_sync_sources(session, principal, address_book_id=address_book_id, include_disabled=include_disabled)
+        sync_sources = list_sync_sources(
+            session,
+            principal,
+            address_book_id=address_book_id,
+            include_disabled=include_disabled,
+        )
         return AddressSyncSourceListResponse(sync_sources=[_sync_source_response(sync_source) for sync_source in sync_sources])
     except AddressBookError as exc:
         raise _error(exc) from exc
@@ -1575,7 +1624,11 @@ def api_run_sync_source(
         raise _error(AddressBookError(message)) from exc
 
 
-@router.post("/address-books/{book_id}/sync-sources", response_model=AddressSyncSourceResponse, status_code=status.HTTP_201_CREATED)
+@router.post(
+    "/address-books/{book_id}/sync-sources",
+    response_model=AddressSyncSourceResponse,
+    status_code=status.HTTP_201_CREATED,
+)
 def api_create_sync_source(
     book_id: str,
     payload: AddressSyncSourceCreateRequest,
@@ -1591,7 +1644,11 @@ def api_create_sync_source(
             action="addresses.sync_source_created",
             object_type="address_sync_source",
             object_id=sync_source.id,
-            details={"address_book_id": book_id, "connector_type": sync_source.connector_type, "sync_direction": sync_source.sync_direction},
+            details={
+                "address_book_id": book_id,
+                "connector_type": sync_source.connector_type,
+                "sync_direction": sync_source.sync_direction,
+            },
         )
         session.commit()
         session.refresh(sync_source)
@@ -1617,7 +1674,11 @@ def api_update_sync_source(
             action="addresses.sync_source_updated",
             object_type="address_sync_source",
             object_id=sync_source.id,
-            details={"connector_type": sync_source.connector_type, "sync_direction": sync_source.sync_direction, "enabled": sync_source.enabled},
+            details={
+                "connector_type": sync_source.connector_type,
+                "sync_direction": sync_source.sync_direction,
+                "enabled": sync_source.enabled,
+            },
         )
         session.commit()
         session.refresh(sync_source)
@@ -1651,7 +1712,10 @@ def api_delete_sync_source(
         raise _error(exc) from exc
 
 
-@router.post("/sync-sources/{sync_source_id}/attempts/start", response_model=AddressSyncSourceResponse)
+@router.post(
+    "/sync-sources/{sync_source_id}/attempts/start",
+    response_model=AddressSyncSourceResponse,
+)
 def api_start_sync_attempt(
     sync_source_id: str,
     principal: ApiPrincipal = Depends(get_api_principal),
@@ -1676,7 +1740,10 @@ def api_start_sync_attempt(
         raise _error(exc) from exc
 
 
-@router.post("/sync-sources/{sync_source_id}/attempts/finish", response_model=AddressSyncSourceResponse)
+@router.post(
+    "/sync-sources/{sync_source_id}/attempts/finish",
+    response_model=AddressSyncSourceResponse,
+)
 def api_finish_sync_attempt(
     sync_source_id: str,
     payload: AddressSyncAttemptFinishRequest,
@@ -1692,7 +1759,11 @@ def api_finish_sync_attempt(
             action="addresses.sync_finished",
             object_type="address_sync_source",
             object_id=sync_source.id,
-            details={"connector_type": sync_source.connector_type, "status": sync_source.status, "error": sync_source.last_error},
+            details={
+                "connector_type": sync_source.connector_type,
+                "status": sync_source.status,
+                "error": sync_source.last_error,
+            },
         )
         session.commit()
         session.refresh(sync_source)
@@ -1702,7 +1773,10 @@ def api_finish_sync_attempt(
         raise _error(exc) from exc
 
 
-@router.get("/sync-sources/{sync_source_id}/diagnostics", response_model=AddressSyncDiagnosticListResponse)
+@router.get(
+    "/sync-sources/{sync_source_id}/diagnostics",
+    response_model=AddressSyncDiagnosticListResponse,
+)
 def api_list_sync_diagnostics(
     sync_source_id: str,
     limit: int = Query(default=100, ge=1, le=500),
@@ -1717,7 +1791,11 @@ def api_list_sync_diagnostics(
         raise _error(exc) from exc
 
 
-@router.post("/sync-sources/{sync_source_id}/diagnostics", response_model=AddressSyncDiagnosticResponse, status_code=status.HTTP_201_CREATED)
+@router.post(
+    "/sync-sources/{sync_source_id}/diagnostics",
+    response_model=AddressSyncDiagnosticResponse,
+    status_code=status.HTTP_201_CREATED,
+)
 def api_record_sync_diagnostic(
     sync_source_id: str,
     payload: AddressSyncDiagnosticCreateRequest,
@@ -1735,7 +1813,10 @@ def api_record_sync_diagnostic(
         raise _error(exc) from exc
 
 
-@router.get("/sync-sources/{sync_source_id}/tombstones", response_model=AddressSyncTombstoneListResponse)
+@router.get(
+    "/sync-sources/{sync_source_id}/tombstones",
+    response_model=AddressSyncTombstoneListResponse,
+)
 def api_list_sync_tombstones(
     sync_source_id: str,
     limit: int = Query(default=200, ge=1, le=1000),
@@ -1750,7 +1831,11 @@ def api_list_sync_tombstones(
         raise _error(exc) from exc
 
 
-@router.post("/sync-sources/{sync_source_id}/tombstones", response_model=AddressSyncTombstoneResponse, status_code=status.HTTP_201_CREATED)
+@router.post(
+    "/sync-sources/{sync_source_id}/tombstones",
+    response_model=AddressSyncTombstoneResponse,
+    status_code=status.HTTP_201_CREATED,
+)
 def api_record_sync_tombstone(
     sync_source_id: str,
     payload: AddressSyncTombstoneCreateRequest,
@@ -1768,7 +1853,10 @@ def api_record_sync_tombstone(
         raise _error(exc) from exc
 
 
-@router.get("/sync-sources/{sync_source_id}/conflicts", response_model=AddressSyncConflictListResponse)
+@router.get(
+    "/sync-sources/{sync_source_id}/conflicts",
+    response_model=AddressSyncConflictListResponse,
+)
 def api_list_sync_conflicts(
     sync_source_id: str,
     status_filter: str | None = Query(default="open", alias="status"),
@@ -1784,7 +1872,11 @@ def api_list_sync_conflicts(
         raise _error(exc) from exc
 
 
-@router.post("/sync-sources/{sync_source_id}/conflicts", response_model=AddressSyncConflictResponse, status_code=status.HTTP_201_CREATED)
+@router.post(
+    "/sync-sources/{sync_source_id}/conflicts",
+    response_model=AddressSyncConflictResponse,
+    status_code=status.HTTP_201_CREATED,
+)
 def api_record_sync_conflict(
     sync_source_id: str,
     payload: AddressSyncConflictCreateRequest,
@@ -1818,7 +1910,11 @@ def api_resolve_sync_conflict(
             action="addresses.sync_conflict_resolved",
             object_type="address_sync_conflict",
             object_id=conflict.id,
-            details={"sync_source_id": conflict.sync_source_id, "status": conflict.status, "resolution": conflict.resolution},
+            details={
+                "sync_source_id": conflict.sync_source_id,
+                "status": conflict.status,
+                "resolution": conflict.resolution,
+            },
         )
         session.commit()
         session.refresh(conflict)
@@ -1828,7 +1924,11 @@ def api_resolve_sync_conflict(
         raise _error(exc) from exc
 
 
-@router.post("/address-books/{book_id}/contacts", response_model=ContactResponse, status_code=status.HTTP_201_CREATED)
+@router.post(
+    "/address-books/{book_id}/contacts",
+    response_model=ContactResponse,
+    status_code=status.HTTP_201_CREATED,
+)
 def api_create_contact(
     book_id: str,
     payload: ContactCreateRequest,
@@ -1869,11 +1969,7 @@ def api_update_contact(
     _require_scope(principal, "addresses:contact:write")
     try:
         previous_contact = session.get(Contact, contact_id)
-        previous_point_details = (
-            _contact_point_audit_details(previous_contact, prefix="previous")
-            if previous_contact is not None
-            else {}
-        )
+        previous_point_details = _contact_point_audit_details(previous_contact, prefix="previous") if previous_contact is not None else {}
         contact = update_contact(session, principal, contact_id, payload)
         audit_from_principal(
             session,
@@ -1897,7 +1993,10 @@ def api_update_contact(
         raise _error(exc) from exc
 
 
-@router.get("/contacts/{contact_id}/channel-rules", response_model=ContactChannelRuleListResponse)
+@router.get(
+    "/contacts/{contact_id}/channel-rules",
+    response_model=ContactChannelRuleListResponse,
+)
 def api_list_contact_channel_rules(
     contact_id: str,
     principal: ApiPrincipal = Depends(get_api_principal),
@@ -1905,12 +2004,7 @@ def api_list_contact_channel_rules(
 ):
     _require_scope(principal, "addresses:governance:read")
     try:
-        return ContactChannelRuleListResponse(
-            rules=[
-                _channel_rule_response(rule)
-                for rule in list_contact_channel_rules(session, principal, contact_id)
-            ]
-        )
+        return ContactChannelRuleListResponse(rules=[_channel_rule_response(rule) for rule in list_contact_channel_rules(session, principal, contact_id)])
     except AddressBookError as exc:
         raise _error(exc) from exc
 
@@ -2044,7 +2138,11 @@ def api_restore_contact(
         raise _error(exc) from exc
 
 
-@router.post("/address-books/{book_id}/vcards/import", response_model=VCardImportResponse, status_code=status.HTTP_201_CREATED)
+@router.post(
+    "/address-books/{book_id}/vcards/import",
+    response_model=VCardImportResponse,
+    status_code=status.HTTP_201_CREATED,
+)
 def api_import_address_book_vcards(
     book_id: str,
     payload: VCardImportRequest,
@@ -2091,6 +2189,136 @@ def api_import_address_book_vcards(
         raise _error(AddressBookError(str(exc))) from exc
 
 
+@router.post(
+    "/address-books/{book_id}/vcard-batches/preview",
+    response_model=VCardBatchRunResponse,
+    status_code=status.HTTP_201_CREATED,
+)
+def api_preview_vcard_batch(
+    book_id: str,
+    payload: VCardBatchPreviewRequest,
+    principal: ApiPrincipal = Depends(get_api_principal),
+    session: Session = Depends(get_session),
+):
+    _require_scope(principal, "addresses:contact:write")
+    try:
+        run = preview_vcard_batch(session, principal, book_id, payload)
+        audit_from_principal(
+            session,
+            principal,
+            action="addresses.vcard_batch_previewed",
+            object_type="address_import_run",
+            object_id=run.id,
+            details={
+                "address_book_id": book_id,
+                "input_hash": run.input_hash,
+                "plan_hash": run.plan_hash,
+                "statistics": run.statistics,
+            },
+        )
+        session.commit()
+        session.refresh(run)
+        return VCardBatchRunResponse.model_validate(vcard_batch_payload(run))
+    except AddressBookError as exc:
+        session.rollback()
+        raise _error(exc) from exc
+
+
+@router.get("/vcard-batches/{run_id}", response_model=VCardBatchRunResponse)
+def api_get_vcard_batch(
+    run_id: str,
+    principal: ApiPrincipal = Depends(get_api_principal),
+    session: Session = Depends(get_session),
+):
+    _require_scope(principal, "addresses:contact:read")
+    try:
+        return VCardBatchRunResponse.model_validate(vcard_batch_payload(get_vcard_batch_run(session, principal, run_id)))
+    except AddressBookError as exc:
+        raise _error(exc) from exc
+
+
+@router.post("/vcard-batches/{run_id}/apply", response_model=VCardBatchRunResponse)
+def api_apply_vcard_batch(
+    run_id: str,
+    payload: VCardBatchCommitRequest,
+    principal: ApiPrincipal = Depends(get_api_principal),
+    session: Session = Depends(get_session),
+):
+    _require_scope(principal, "addresses:contact:write")
+    try:
+        run = apply_vcard_batch(session, principal, run_id, payload)
+        session.flush()
+        audit_from_principal(
+            session,
+            principal,
+            action="addresses.vcard_batch_applied",
+            object_type="address_import_run",
+            object_id=run.id,
+            details={
+                "address_book_id": run.address_book_id,
+                "input_hash": run.input_hash,
+                "plan_hash": run.plan_hash,
+                "statistics": run.statistics,
+            },
+        )
+        session.commit()
+        session.refresh(run)
+        return VCardBatchRunResponse.model_validate(vcard_batch_payload(run))
+    except AddressBookError as exc:
+        session.rollback()
+        raise _error(exc) from exc
+
+
+@router.post("/vcard-batches/{run_id}/cancel", response_model=VCardBatchRunResponse)
+def api_cancel_vcard_batch(
+    run_id: str,
+    payload: VCardBatchCancelRequest,
+    principal: ApiPrincipal = Depends(get_api_principal),
+    session: Session = Depends(get_session),
+):
+    _require_scope(principal, "addresses:contact:write")
+    try:
+        run = cancel_vcard_batch(session, principal, run_id, payload)
+        audit_from_principal(
+            session,
+            principal,
+            action="addresses.vcard_batch_cancelled",
+            object_type="address_import_run",
+            object_id=run.id,
+            details={"address_book_id": run.address_book_id, "reason": payload.reason},
+        )
+        session.commit()
+        session.refresh(run)
+        return VCardBatchRunResponse.model_validate(vcard_batch_payload(run))
+    except AddressBookError as exc:
+        session.rollback()
+        raise _error(exc) from exc
+
+
+@router.get("/vcard-batches/{run_id}/diagnostics")
+def api_export_vcard_batch_diagnostics(
+    run_id: str,
+    principal: ApiPrincipal = Depends(get_api_principal),
+    session: Session = Depends(get_session),
+):
+    _require_scope(principal, "addresses:contact:read")
+    try:
+        run = get_vcard_batch_run(session, principal, run_id)
+        content = json.dumps(
+            vcard_diagnostics_payload(run),
+            ensure_ascii=False,
+            sort_keys=True,
+            separators=(",", ":"),
+        )
+        return Response(
+            content=content,
+            media_type="application/json",
+            headers={"Content-Disposition": f'attachment; filename="vcard-batch-{run.id}.json"'},
+        )
+    except AddressBookError as exc:
+        raise _error(exc) from exc
+
+
 @router.get("/import-profiles", response_model=AddressImportProfileListResponse)
 def api_list_address_import_profiles(
     include_history: bool = Query(default=False),
@@ -2098,15 +2326,14 @@ def api_list_address_import_profiles(
     session: Session = Depends(get_session),
 ):
     _require_scope(principal, "addresses:contact:read")
-    return AddressImportProfileListResponse(
-        profiles=[
-            AddressImportProfileResponse.model_validate(item)
-            for item in list_import_profiles(session, principal, include_history=include_history)
-        ]
-    )
+    return AddressImportProfileListResponse(profiles=[AddressImportProfileResponse.model_validate(item) for item in list_import_profiles(session, principal, include_history=include_history)])
 
 
-@router.post("/import-profiles", response_model=AddressImportProfileResponse, status_code=status.HTTP_201_CREATED)
+@router.post(
+    "/import-profiles",
+    response_model=AddressImportProfileResponse,
+    status_code=status.HTTP_201_CREATED,
+)
 def api_create_address_import_profile(
     payload: AddressImportProfileCreateRequest,
     principal: ApiPrincipal = Depends(get_api_principal),
@@ -2122,7 +2349,11 @@ def api_create_address_import_profile(
             action="addresses.import_profile_created",
             object_type="address_import_profile",
             object_id=profile.profile_key,
-            details={"version": profile.version, "source_format": profile.source_format, "scope_type": profile.scope_type},
+            details={
+                "version": profile.version,
+                "source_format": profile.source_format,
+                "scope_type": profile.scope_type,
+            },
         )
         session.commit()
         session.refresh(profile)
@@ -2149,7 +2380,10 @@ def api_update_address_import_profile(
             action="addresses.import_profile_versioned",
             object_type="address_import_profile",
             object_id=profile.profile_key,
-            details={"version": profile.version, "source_format": profile.source_format},
+            details={
+                "version": profile.version,
+                "source_format": profile.source_format,
+            },
         )
         session.commit()
         session.refresh(profile)
@@ -2202,7 +2436,11 @@ def api_preview_address_import(
             action="addresses.import_previewed",
             object_type="address_import_run",
             object_id=run.id,
-            details={"input_hash": run.input_hash, "plan_hash": run.plan_hash, "statistics": run.statistics},
+            details={
+                "input_hash": run.input_hash,
+                "plan_hash": run.plan_hash,
+                "statistics": run.statistics,
+            },
         )
         session.commit()
         session.refresh(run)
@@ -2220,9 +2458,7 @@ def api_get_address_import_run(
 ):
     _require_scope(principal, "addresses:contact:read")
     try:
-        return AddressImportRunResponse.model_validate(
-            import_run_payload(get_import_run(session, principal, run_id))
-        )
+        return AddressImportRunResponse.model_validate(import_run_payload(get_import_run(session, principal, run_id)))
     except AddressBookError as exc:
         raise _error(exc) from exc
 
@@ -2244,7 +2480,11 @@ def api_apply_address_import(
             action="addresses.import_applied",
             object_type="address_import_run",
             object_id=run.id,
-            details={"input_hash": run.input_hash, "plan_hash": run.plan_hash, "statistics": run.statistics},
+            details={
+                "input_hash": run.input_hash,
+                "plan_hash": run.plan_hash,
+                "statistics": run.statistics,
+            },
         )
         session.commit()
         session.refresh(run)
@@ -2300,6 +2540,39 @@ def api_export_address_book_vcards(
         raise _error(exc) from exc
 
 
+@router.post(
+    "/address-books/{book_id}/vcards/export",
+    response_model=VCardExportResponse,
+)
+def api_export_selected_vcards(
+    book_id: str,
+    payload: VCardExportRequest,
+    principal: ApiPrincipal = Depends(get_api_principal),
+    session: Session = Depends(get_session),
+):
+    _require_scope(principal, "addresses:contact:read")
+    try:
+        result = export_vcards(session, principal, book_id, payload)
+        audit_from_principal(
+            session,
+            principal,
+            action="addresses.vcards_exported",
+            object_type="address_book",
+            object_id=book_id,
+            details={
+                "scope": result["scope"],
+                "version": result["version"],
+                "contact_count": result["contact_count"],
+                "content_hash": result["content_hash"],
+            },
+        )
+        session.commit()
+        return VCardExportResponse.model_validate(result)
+    except AddressBookError as exc:
+        session.rollback()
+        raise _error(exc) from exc
+
+
 @router.get("/contacts/{contact_id}/vcard")
 def api_export_contact_vcard(
     contact_id: str,

src/govoplan_addresses/backend/vcard.py

@@ -16,6 +16,12 @@ class VCardError(ValueError):
     pass
 
 
+VCARD_PARSER_VERSION = "govoplan-vcard/2"
+MAX_VCARD_CARDS = 10_000
+MAX_VCARD_LINES = 200_000
+MAX_VCARD_UNFOLDED_LINE_CHARS = 16_384
+
+
 @dataclass(frozen=True, slots=True)
 class ParsedVCard:
     payload: ContactCreateRequest
@@ -60,12 +66,16 @@ class _VCardDraft:
 
 def _normalize_lines(content: str) -> list[str]:
     raw_lines = content.replace("\r\n", "\n").replace("\r", "\n").split("\n")
+    if len(raw_lines) > MAX_VCARD_LINES:
+        raise VCardError(f"vCard input exceeds the {MAX_VCARD_LINES}-line parser limit.")
     lines: list[str] = []
     for line in raw_lines:
         if line.startswith((" ", "\t")) and lines:
             lines[-1] += line[1:]
         elif line:
             lines.append(line)
+        if lines and len(lines[-1]) > MAX_VCARD_UNFOLDED_LINE_CHARS:
+            raise VCardError(f"vCard unfolded lines are limited to {MAX_VCARD_UNFOLDED_LINE_CHARS} characters.")
     return lines
 
 
@@ -90,27 +100,13 @@ def _split_unescaped(value: str, separator: str) -> list[str]:
 
 
 def _unescape_text(value: str) -> str:
-    return (
-        value.replace("\\n", "\n")
-        .replace("\\N", "\n")
-        .replace("\\,", ",")
-        .replace("\\;", ";")
-        .replace("\\\\", "\\")
-        .strip()
-    )
+    return value.replace("\\n", "\n").replace("\\N", "\n").replace("\\,", ",").replace("\\;", ";").replace("\\\\", "\\").strip()
 
 
 def _escape_text(value: str | None) -> str:
     if value is None:
         return ""
-    return (
-        value.replace("\\", "\\\\")
-        .replace("\r\n", "\n")
-        .replace("\r", "\n")
-        .replace("\n", "\\n")
-        .replace(";", "\\;")
-        .replace(",", "\\,")
-    )
+    return value.replace("\\", "\\\\").replace("\r\n", "\n").replace("\r", "\n").replace("\n", "\\n").replace(";", "\\;").replace(",", "\\,")
 
 
 def _parse_head(head: str) -> tuple[str, dict[str, list[str]]]:
@@ -154,7 +150,7 @@ def _is_pref(params: dict[str, list[str]]) -> bool:
 
 
 def _card_blocks(content: str) -> list[list[str]]:
-    result = _card_blocks_with_issues(content)
+    result = _card_blocks_with_issues(content, max_cards=MAX_VCARD_CARDS)
     if result.issues:
         raise VCardError(result.issues[0].message)
     return result.cards
@@ -166,8 +162,14 @@ class _CardBlockResult:
     issues: list[ParsedVCardIssue]
 
 
-def _card_blocks_with_issues(content: str) -> _CardBlockResult:
+def _card_blocks_with_issues(content: str, *, max_cards: int) -> _CardBlockResult:
+    try:
         lines = _normalize_lines(content)
+    except VCardError as exc:
+        return _CardBlockResult(
+            cards=[],
+            issues=[ParsedVCardIssue(index=0, message=str(exc))],
+        )
     blocks: list[list[str]] = []
     issues: list[ParsedVCardIssue] = []
     current: list[str] | None = None
@@ -189,6 +191,15 @@ def _card_blocks_with_issues(content: str) -> _CardBlockResult:
                 issues.append(ParsedVCardIssue(index=card_index, message="vCard END appears before BEGIN."))
                 continue
             current.append(line)
+            if len(blocks) >= max_cards:
+                issues.append(
+                    ParsedVCardIssue(
+                        index=len(blocks) + 1,
+                        message=f"vCard input exceeds the configured {max_cards}-card limit.",
+                    )
+                )
+                current = None
+                break
             blocks.append(current)
             current = None
         elif current is not None:
@@ -258,7 +269,14 @@ def _apply_card_metadata(
     if name == "VERSION":
         draft.version = value.strip()
         if draft.version and draft.version not in {"3.0", "4.0"}:
-            issues.append(ParsedVCardIssue(index=index, severity="warning", field="VERSION", message=f"vCard version {draft.version} is not fully supported."))
+            issues.append(
+                ParsedVCardIssue(
+                    index=index,
+                    severity="warning",
+                    field="VERSION",
+                    message=f"vCard version {draft.version} is not fully supported.",
+                )
+            )
         return True
     if name == "UID":
         draft.uid = _unescape_text(value) or draft.uid
@@ -325,15 +343,34 @@ def _append_card_email(
     if not email:
         return
     if "@" not in email:
-        issues.append(ParsedVCardIssue(index=index, severity="warning", field="EMAIL", message=f"Skipped invalid email address: {email}"))
+        issues.append(
+            ParsedVCardIssue(
+                index=index,
+                severity="warning",
+                field="EMAIL",
+                message=f"Skipped invalid email address: {email}",
+            )
+        )
         return
-    draft.emails.append(ContactEmailPayload(label=_label_from_params(params), email=email, is_primary=_is_pref(params) or not draft.emails))
+    draft.emails.append(
+        ContactEmailPayload(
+            label=_label_from_params(params),
+            email=email,
+            is_primary=_is_pref(params) or not draft.emails,
+        )
+    )
 
 
 def _append_card_phone(draft: _VCardDraft, params: dict[str, list[str]], value: str) -> None:
     phone = _unescape_text(value)
     if phone:
-        draft.phones.append(ContactPhonePayload(label=_label_from_params(params), phone=phone, is_primary=_is_pref(params) or not draft.phones))
+        draft.phones.append(
+            ContactPhonePayload(
+                label=_label_from_params(params),
+                phone=phone,
+                is_primary=_is_pref(params) or not draft.phones,
+            )
+        )
 
 
 def _append_card_address(draft: _VCardDraft, params: dict[str, list[str]], value: str) -> None:
@@ -388,8 +425,14 @@ def _draft_contact_payload(draft: _VCardDraft) -> ContactCreateRequest:
     return payload
 
 
-def parse_vcards_with_issues(content: str) -> VCardParseResult:
-    blocks = _card_blocks_with_issues(content)
+def parse_vcards_with_issues(
+    content: str,
+    *,
+    max_cards: int = MAX_VCARD_CARDS,
+) -> VCardParseResult:
+    if max_cards < 1 or max_cards > MAX_VCARD_CARDS:
+        raise VCardError(f"max_cards must be between 1 and {MAX_VCARD_CARDS}.")
+    blocks = _card_blocks_with_issues(content, max_cards=max_cards)
     parsed: list[ParsedVCard] = []
     issues = list(blocks.issues)
     skipped = 0
@@ -411,8 +454,8 @@ def parse_vcards(content: str) -> list[ParsedVCard]:
     return result.cards
 
 
-def contact_to_vcard(contact: Contact) -> str:
-    lines = _contact_identity_lines(contact)
+def contact_to_vcard(contact: Contact, *, version: Literal["3.0", "4.0"] = "4.0") -> str:
+    lines = _contact_identity_lines(contact, version=version)
     lines.extend(_contact_email_lines(contact))
     lines.extend(_contact_phone_lines(contact))
     lines.extend(_contact_address_lines(contact))
@@ -422,10 +465,14 @@ def contact_to_vcard(contact: Contact) -> str:
     return "\r\n".join(lines) + "\r\n"
 
 
-def _contact_identity_lines(contact: Contact) -> list[str]:
+def _contact_identity_lines(
+    contact: Contact,
+    *,
+    version: Literal["3.0", "4.0"],
+) -> list[str]:
     lines = [
         "BEGIN:VCARD",
-        "VERSION:4.0",
+        f"VERSION:{version}",
         f"FN:{_escape_text(contact.display_name)}",
         f"N:{_escape_text(contact.family_name)};{_escape_text(contact.given_name)};;;",
     ]
@@ -460,11 +507,7 @@ def _contact_address_lines(contact: Contact) -> list[str]:
     lines: list[str] = []
     for address in contact.postal_addresses:
         label = f";TYPE={_escape_text(address.label)}" if address.label else ""
-        lines.append(
-            "ADR"
-            f"{label}:;;{_escape_text(address.street)};{_escape_text(address.locality)};"
-            f"{_escape_text(address.region)};{_escape_text(address.postal_code)};{_escape_text(address.country)}"
-        )
+        lines.append(f"ADR{label}:;;{_escape_text(address.street)};{_escape_text(address.locality)};{_escape_text(address.region)};{_escape_text(address.postal_code)};{_escape_text(address.country)}")
     return lines
 
 
@@ -496,5 +539,9 @@ def _contact_vcard_urls(contact: Contact) -> object:
     return vcard.get("urls")
 
 
-def contacts_to_vcard(contacts: list[Contact]) -> str:
-    return "".join(contact_to_vcard(contact) for contact in contacts)
+def contacts_to_vcard(
+    contacts: list[Contact],
+    *,
+    version: Literal["3.0", "4.0"] = "4.0",
+) -> str:
+    return "".join(contact_to_vcard(contact, version=version) for contact in contacts)

src/govoplan_addresses/backend/vcard_batch_schemas.py

@@ -0,0 +1,144 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from datetime import datetime
+from typing import Any, Literal
+
+from pydantic import BaseModel, Field, model_validator
+
+
+VCardPlanAction = Literal["create", "update", "ignore", "unchanged", "conflict"]
+VCardCommitAction = Literal["create", "update", "ignore"]
+
+
+class VCardBatchFilePayload(BaseModel):
+    filename: str = Field(min_length=1, max_length=500)
+    content_base64: str = Field(min_length=1, max_length=14_000_000)
+
+
+class VCardBatchPreviewRequest(BaseModel):
+    files: list[VCardBatchFilePayload] = Field(min_length=1, max_length=50)
+    duplicate_card_policy: Literal["reject", "first", "last"] = "reject"
+    existing_contact_policy: Literal["update", "ignore", "reject"] = "update"
+
+
+class VCardDuplicateSuggestion(BaseModel):
+    contact_id: str
+    display_name: str
+    reasons: list[str] = Field(default_factory=list)
+
+
+class VCardBatchPlanItemResponse(BaseModel):
+    source_key: str
+    source_filename: str
+    card_index: int
+    action: VCardPlanAction
+    allowed_actions: list[VCardCommitAction] = Field(default_factory=list)
+    contact_id: str | None = None
+    display_name: str | None = None
+    changed_fields: list[str] = Field(default_factory=list)
+    duplicate_suggestions: list[VCardDuplicateSuggestion] = Field(default_factory=list)
+    message: str | None = None
+
+
+class VCardBatchDiagnosticResponse(BaseModel):
+    severity: Literal["info", "warning", "error"]
+    code: str
+    message: str
+    source_filename: str | None = None
+    card_index: int | None = None
+    field: str | None = None
+    details: dict[str, Any] = Field(default_factory=dict)
+
+
+class VCardBatchProgressResponse(BaseModel):
+    total: int
+    completed: int
+    created: int = 0
+    updated: int = 0
+    ignored: int = 0
+    failed: int = 0
+
+
+class VCardBatchRunResponse(BaseModel):
+    id: str
+    address_book_id: str
+    status: str
+    input_hash: str
+    plan_hash: str
+    parser_version: str
+    execution_mode: Literal["bounded_sync", "persisted_batch"]
+    file_count: int
+    card_count: int
+    statistics: dict[str, int | str] = Field(default_factory=dict)
+    diagnostics: list[VCardBatchDiagnosticResponse] = Field(default_factory=list)
+    plan: list[VCardBatchPlanItemResponse] = Field(default_factory=list)
+    progress: VCardBatchProgressResponse
+    can_apply: bool
+    can_cancel: bool
+    commit_hash: str | None = None
+    created_at: datetime
+    updated_at: datetime
+    applied_at: datetime | None = None
+
+
+class VCardBatchSelection(BaseModel):
+    source_key: str = Field(min_length=1, max_length=1000)
+    action: VCardCommitAction
+
+
+class VCardBatchCommitRequest(BaseModel):
+    expected_plan_hash: str = Field(min_length=64, max_length=64)
+    selections: list[VCardBatchSelection] = Field(
+        default_factory=list, max_length=10_000
+    )
+
+
+class VCardBatchCancelRequest(BaseModel):
+    expected_plan_hash: str = Field(min_length=64, max_length=64)
+    reason: str = Field(min_length=3, max_length=2000)
+
+
+class VCardExportRequest(BaseModel):
+    scope: Literal["address_book", "address_list", "contacts"] = "address_book"
+    address_list_id: str | None = Field(default=None, max_length=36)
+    contact_ids: list[str] = Field(default_factory=list, max_length=10_000)
+    version: Literal["3.0", "4.0"] = "4.0"
+
+    @model_validator(mode="after")
+    def validate_scope(self) -> "VCardExportRequest":
+        if self.scope == "address_list" and not self.address_list_id:
+            raise ValueError("Address-list export requires address_list_id.")
+        if self.scope == "contacts" and not self.contact_ids:
+            raise ValueError(
+                "Selected-contact export requires at least one contact id."
+            )
+        if self.scope != "address_list" and self.address_list_id:
+            raise ValueError("address_list_id is only valid for address-list export.")
+        if self.scope != "contacts" and self.contact_ids:
+            raise ValueError("contact_ids are only valid for selected-contact export.")
+        if len(set(self.contact_ids)) != len(self.contact_ids):
+            raise ValueError("Selected contact ids must be unique.")
+        return self
+
+
+class VCardExportResponse(BaseModel):
+    filename: str
+    media_type: str = "text/vcard"
+    scope: str
+    version: str
+    ordering: str
+    contact_count: int
+    content_hash: str
+    content: str
+
+
+__all__ = [
+    "VCardBatchCancelRequest",
+    "VCardBatchCommitRequest",
+    "VCardBatchFilePayload",
+    "VCardBatchPreviewRequest",
+    "VCardBatchRunResponse",
+    "VCardBatchSelection",
+    "VCardExportRequest",
+    "VCardExportResponse",
+]

src/govoplan_addresses/backend/vcard_batches.py

@@ -0,0 +1,901 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import base64
+import binascii
+from collections import Counter, defaultdict
+import hashlib
+import json
+import os
+from typing import Any
+
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session, selectinload
+
+from govoplan_addresses.backend.db.models import (
+    AddressImportRun,
+    AddressListEntry,
+    Contact,
+)
+from govoplan_addresses.backend.schemas import (
+    ContactCreateRequest,
+    ContactUpdateRequest,
+)
+from govoplan_addresses.backend.service import (
+    AddressBookError,
+    create_contact,
+    get_visible_address_book,
+    get_visible_address_list,
+    get_visible_contact,
+    update_contact,
+)
+from govoplan_addresses.backend.vcard import (
+    MAX_VCARD_CARDS,
+    VCARD_PARSER_VERSION,
+    contacts_to_vcard,
+    parse_vcards_with_issues,
+)
+from govoplan_addresses.backend.vcard_batch_schemas import (
+    VCardBatchCancelRequest,
+    VCardBatchCommitRequest,
+    VCardBatchPreviewRequest,
+    VCardExportRequest,
+)
+from govoplan_core.auth import ApiPrincipal
+from govoplan_core.db.base import utcnow
+
+
+MAX_VCARD_BATCH_BYTES = 10_000_000
+DEFAULT_PERSISTED_BATCH_THRESHOLD = 500
+
+
+def preview_vcard_batch(
+    session: Session,
+    principal: ApiPrincipal,
+    address_book_id: str,
+    payload: VCardBatchPreviewRequest,
+) -> AddressImportRun:
+    book = get_visible_address_book(session, principal, address_book_id)
+    if book.read_only:
+        raise AddressBookError("Static vCard imports require a writable address book.")
+
+    decoded = _decode_files(payload)
+    input_hash = _hash_json(
+        {
+            "files": [
+                {
+                    "filename": filename,
+                    "sha256": hashlib.sha256(raw).hexdigest(),
+                    "size": len(raw),
+                }
+                for filename, raw in decoded
+            ]
+        }
+    )
+    parsed_cards, diagnostics = _parse_files(decoded)
+    plan = _plan_cards(
+        session,
+        book.id,
+        parsed_cards,
+        duplicate_card_policy=payload.duplicate_card_policy,
+        existing_contact_policy=payload.existing_contact_policy,
+    )
+    statistics: dict[str, int | str] = dict(
+        Counter(str(item["action"]) for item in plan)
+    )
+    statistics.update(
+        {
+            "files": len(decoded),
+            "cards": len(parsed_cards),
+            "errors": sum(item["severity"] == "error" for item in diagnostics),
+            "warnings": sum(item["severity"] == "warning" for item in diagnostics),
+            "parser_version": VCARD_PARSER_VERSION,
+            "execution_mode": _execution_mode(len(parsed_cards)),
+        }
+    )
+    plan_hash = _hash_json(
+        {
+            "address_book_id": book.id,
+            "input_hash": input_hash,
+            "parser_version": VCARD_PARSER_VERSION,
+            "duplicate_card_policy": payload.duplicate_card_policy,
+            "existing_contact_policy": payload.existing_contact_policy,
+            "plan": plan,
+        }
+    )
+    source_filename = decoded[0][0]
+    if len(decoded) > 1:
+        source_filename = f"{source_filename} (+{len(decoded) - 1} files)"
+    run = AddressImportRun(
+        tenant_id=book.tenant_id,
+        address_book_id=book.id,
+        profile_id=None,
+        source_filename=source_filename[:500],
+        source_format="vcard",
+        input_hash=input_hash,
+        plan_hash=plan_hash,
+        status="previewed",
+        row_count=len(parsed_cards),
+        statistics=statistics,
+        diagnostics=diagnostics,
+        plan_data=plan,
+        result_evidence={
+            "parser_version": VCARD_PARSER_VERSION,
+            "file_manifest": [
+                {
+                    "filename": filename,
+                    "sha256": hashlib.sha256(raw).hexdigest(),
+                    "size": len(raw),
+                }
+                for filename, raw in decoded
+            ],
+            "progress": _progress(len(plan)),
+        },
+        created_by_account_id=principal.account_id,
+    )
+    session.add(run)
+    session.flush()
+    return run
+
+
+def get_vcard_batch_run(
+    session: Session,
+    principal: ApiPrincipal,
+    run_id: str,
+) -> AddressImportRun:
+    book_ids = [book.id for book in _visible_books(session, principal)]
+    if not book_ids:
+        raise AddressBookError("vCard batch run not found.")
+    item = (
+        session.query(AddressImportRun)
+        .filter(
+            AddressImportRun.id == run_id,
+            AddressImportRun.address_book_id.in_(book_ids),
+            AddressImportRun.source_format == "vcard",
+        )
+        .one_or_none()
+    )
+    if item is None:
+        raise AddressBookError("vCard batch run not found.")
+    return item
+
+
+def apply_vcard_batch(
+    session: Session,
+    principal: ApiPrincipal,
+    run_id: str,
+    payload: VCardBatchCommitRequest,
+) -> AddressImportRun:
+    run = get_vcard_batch_run(session, principal, run_id)
+    if run.plan_hash != payload.expected_plan_hash:
+        raise AddressBookError("The reviewed vCard plan changed; create a new preview.")
+    selections = _selection_map(payload)
+    commit_hash = _hash_json(
+        {
+            "plan_hash": run.plan_hash,
+            "selections": [
+                {"source_key": key, "action": selections[key]}
+                for key in sorted(selections)
+            ],
+        }
+    )
+    evidence = dict(run.result_evidence or {})
+    if run.status == "applied":
+        if evidence.get("commit_hash") != commit_hash:
+            raise AddressBookError(
+                "This vCard batch was already applied with a different selection."
+            )
+        return run
+    if run.status != "previewed":
+        raise AddressBookError(
+            f"vCard batch cannot be applied from status {run.status!r}."
+        )
+    if not selections:
+        raise AddressBookError(
+            "Select at least one vCard action before applying the batch."
+        )
+
+    plan_by_key = {str(item["source_key"]): item for item in run.plan_data or []}
+    unknown = sorted(set(selections).difference(plan_by_key))
+    if unknown:
+        raise AddressBookError(
+            "The selection contains cards that are not part of the reviewed plan."
+        )
+    created_ids: list[str] = []
+    updated_ids: list[str] = []
+    ignored = 0
+    for source_key in sorted(plan_by_key):
+        item = plan_by_key[source_key]
+        action = selections.get(source_key, "ignore")
+        allowed = set(item.get("allowed_actions") or [])
+        if action not in allowed:
+            raise AddressBookError(
+                f'Action {action!r} is not allowed for vCard "{item.get("display_name") or source_key}".'
+            )
+        if action == "ignore":
+            ignored += 1
+            continue
+        contact = _apply_plan_item(
+            session,
+            principal,
+            run=run,
+            item=item,
+            action=action,
+        )
+        if action == "create":
+            created_ids.append(contact.id)
+        else:
+            updated_ids.append(contact.id)
+
+    run.status = "applied"
+    run.applied_at = utcnow()
+    run.result_evidence = {
+        **evidence,
+        "commit_hash": commit_hash,
+        "selection_count": len(selections),
+        "created_contact_ids": created_ids,
+        "updated_contact_ids": updated_ids,
+        "ignored_count": ignored,
+        "applied_by_account_id": principal.account_id,
+        "applied_at": run.applied_at.isoformat(),
+        "progress": {
+            "total": len(plan_by_key),
+            "completed": len(plan_by_key),
+            "created": len(created_ids),
+            "updated": len(updated_ids),
+            "ignored": ignored,
+            "failed": 0,
+        },
+    }
+    run.statistics = {
+        **dict(run.statistics or {}),
+        "applied_create": len(created_ids),
+        "applied_update": len(updated_ids),
+        "applied_ignore": ignored,
+    }
+    return run
+
+
+def cancel_vcard_batch(
+    session: Session,
+    principal: ApiPrincipal,
+    run_id: str,
+    payload: VCardBatchCancelRequest,
+) -> AddressImportRun:
+    run = get_vcard_batch_run(session, principal, run_id)
+    if run.plan_hash != payload.expected_plan_hash:
+        raise AddressBookError("The reviewed vCard plan changed; reload the batch.")
+    if run.status == "cancelled":
+        return run
+    if run.status != "previewed":
+        raise AddressBookError("Only a previewed vCard batch can be cancelled.")
+    run.status = "cancelled"
+    run.result_evidence = {
+        **dict(run.result_evidence or {}),
+        "cancel_reason": payload.reason.strip(),
+        "cancelled_by_account_id": principal.account_id,
+        "cancelled_at": utcnow().isoformat(),
+    }
+    return run
+
+
+def vcard_batch_payload(run: AddressImportRun) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    evidence = dict(run.result_evidence or {})
+    progress = dict(evidence.get("progress") or _progress(run.row_count))
+    return {
+        "id": run.id,
+        "address_book_id": run.address_book_id,
+        "status": run.status,
+        "input_hash": run.input_hash,
+        "plan_hash": run.plan_hash,
+        "parser_version": str(evidence.get("parser_version") or VCARD_PARSER_VERSION),
+        "execution_mode": str(
+            (run.statistics or {}).get("execution_mode") or "bounded_sync"
+        ),
+        "file_count": int((run.statistics or {}).get("files") or 0),
+        "card_count": run.row_count,
+        "statistics": dict(run.statistics or {}),
+        "diagnostics": list(run.diagnostics or []),
+        "plan": [_public_plan_item(item) for item in run.plan_data or []],
+        "progress": progress,
+        "can_apply": run.status == "previewed" and bool(run.plan_data),
+        "can_cancel": run.status == "previewed",
+        "commit_hash": evidence.get("commit_hash"),
+        "created_at": run.created_at,
+        "updated_at": run.updated_at,
+        "applied_at": run.applied_at,
+    }
+
+
+def vcard_diagnostics_payload(run: AddressImportRun) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    return {
+        "schema_version": "1.0",
+        "run_id": run.id,
+        "status": run.status,
+        "input_hash": run.input_hash,
+        "plan_hash": run.plan_hash,
+        "parser_version": (run.result_evidence or {}).get("parser_version"),
+        "statistics": dict(run.statistics or {}),
+        "diagnostics": list(run.diagnostics or []),
+        "effects": [_public_plan_item(item) for item in run.plan_data or []],
+    }
+
+
+def export_vcards(
+    session: Session,
+    principal: ApiPrincipal,
+    address_book_id: str,
+    payload: VCardExportRequest,
+) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    book = get_visible_address_book(session, principal, address_book_id)
+    contacts = _export_contacts(session, principal, book.id, payload)
+    contacts.sort(key=lambda item: (item.display_name.casefold(), item.id))
+    content = contacts_to_vcard(contacts, version=payload.version)
+    scope_label = {
+        "address_book": book.name,
+        "address_list": "address-list",
+        "contacts": "selected-contacts",
+    }[payload.scope]
+    return {
+        "filename": f"{_safe_filename(scope_label)}-{payload.version.replace('.', '')}.vcf",
+        "media_type": "text/vcard",
+        "scope": payload.scope,
+        "version": payload.version,
+        "ordering": "display_name_casefold_then_contact_id",
+        "contact_count": len(contacts),
+        "content_hash": hashlib.sha256(content.encode("utf-8")).hexdigest(),
+        "content": content,
+    }
+
+
+def _decode_files(payload: VCardBatchPreviewRequest) -> list[tuple[str, bytes]]:
+    decoded: list[tuple[str, bytes]] = []
+    total = 0
+    for item in payload.files:
+        filename = item.filename.strip()
+        if not filename.casefold().endswith(".vcf"):
+            raise AddressBookError("vCard batch uploads accept only .vcf files.")
+        try:
+            raw = base64.b64decode(item.content_base64, validate=True)
+        except (binascii.Error, ValueError) as exc:
+            raise AddressBookError(
+                f'vCard file "{filename}" is not valid base64.'
+            ) from exc
+        if not raw:
+            raise AddressBookError(f'vCard file "{filename}" is empty.')
+        total += len(raw)
+        if total > MAX_VCARD_BATCH_BYTES:
+            raise AddressBookError(
+                f"Combined vCard uploads are limited to {MAX_VCARD_BATCH_BYTES} bytes."
+            )
+        decoded.append((filename, raw))
+    return decoded
+
+
+def _parse_files(
+    decoded: list[tuple[str, bytes]],
+) -> tuple[list[dict[str, Any]], list[dict[str, Any]]]:
+    cards: list[dict[str, Any]] = []
+    diagnostics: list[dict[str, Any]] = []
+    for file_index, (filename, raw) in enumerate(decoded):
+        try:
+            content = raw.decode("utf-8-sig")
+        except UnicodeDecodeError as exc:
+            raise AddressBookError(
+                f'vCard file "{filename}" is not valid UTF-8: {exc}.'
+            ) from exc
+        remaining = MAX_VCARD_CARDS - len(cards)
+        if remaining < 1:
+            raise AddressBookError(
+                f"vCard batches are limited to {MAX_VCARD_CARDS} cards."
+            )
+        result = parse_vcards_with_issues(content, max_cards=remaining)
+        for issue in result.issues:
+            diagnostics.append(
+                {
+                    "severity": issue.severity,
+                    "code": "vcard_parse_error"
+                    if issue.severity == "error"
+                    else "vcard_parse_warning",
+                    "message": issue.message,
+                    "source_filename": filename,
+                    "card_index": issue.index or None,
+                    "field": issue.field,
+                    "details": {"line": issue.line} if issue.line is not None else {},
+                }
+            )
+        for card_index, parsed in enumerate(result.cards, start=1):
+            raw_hash = hashlib.sha256(parsed.raw.encode("utf-8")).hexdigest()
+            identity = (
+                f"uid:{parsed.source_ref.strip()}"
+                if parsed.source_ref and parsed.source_ref.strip()
+                else f"sha256:{raw_hash}"
+            )
+            source_key = hashlib.sha256(
+                f"{file_index}:{filename}:{card_index}:{raw_hash}".encode("utf-8")
+            ).hexdigest()
+            cards.append(
+                {
+                    "source_key": source_key,
+                    "source_identity": identity,
+                    "source_filename": filename,
+                    "card_index": card_index,
+                    "raw": parsed.raw,
+                    "source_ref": parsed.source_ref.strip()
+                    if parsed.source_ref
+                    else None,
+                    "source_revision": parsed.source_revision.strip()
+                    if parsed.source_revision
+                    else None,
+                    "payload": parsed.payload.model_dump(mode="json"),
+                }
+            )
+    return cards, diagnostics
+
+
+def _plan_cards(
+    session: Session,
+    address_book_id: str,
+    cards: list[dict[str, Any]],
+    *,
+    duplicate_card_policy: str,
+    existing_contact_policy: str,
+) -> list[dict[str, Any]]:
+    contacts = (
+        session.query(Contact)
+        .options(
+            selectinload(Contact.emails),
+            selectinload(Contact.phones),
+            selectinload(Contact.postal_addresses),
+        )
+        .filter(
+            Contact.address_book_id == address_book_id, Contact.deleted_at.is_(None)
+        )
+        .all()
+    )
+    by_source: dict[str, list[Contact]] = defaultdict(list)
+    by_email: dict[str, list[Contact]] = defaultdict(list)
+    for contact in contacts:
+        if contact.source_ref:
+            by_source[contact.source_ref.strip()].append(contact)
+        for email in contact.emails:
+            normalized = (email.normalized_email or email.email).strip().casefold()
+            if normalized:
+                by_email[normalized].append(contact)
+
+    identity_positions: dict[str, list[int]] = defaultdict(list)
+    for index, card in enumerate(cards):
+        identity_positions[str(card["source_identity"])].append(index)
+    result: list[dict[str, Any]] = []
+    for index, card in enumerate(cards):
+        positions = identity_positions[str(card["source_identity"])]
+        if len(positions) > 1:
+            chosen = positions[0] if duplicate_card_policy == "first" else positions[-1]
+            if duplicate_card_policy == "reject":
+                result.append(
+                    _planned_card(
+                        card,
+                        action="conflict",
+                        allowed=["ignore"],
+                        message="Duplicate UID or identical card appears in this batch.",
+                    )
+                )
+                continue
+            if index != chosen:
+                result.append(
+                    _planned_card(
+                        card,
+                        action="ignore",
+                        allowed=["ignore"],
+                        message=f"Duplicate card ignored by {duplicate_card_policy} policy.",
+                    )
+                )
+                continue
+
+        suggestions = _duplicate_candidates(
+            card, by_source=by_source, by_email=by_email
+        )
+        exact_source = [item for item in suggestions if "source_uid" in item["reasons"]]
+        candidates = exact_source or suggestions
+        if len(candidates) > 1:
+            result.append(
+                _planned_card(
+                    card,
+                    action="conflict",
+                    allowed=["create", "ignore"],
+                    suggestions=suggestions,
+                    message="Multiple existing contacts match this card; create explicitly or ignore it.",
+                )
+            )
+            continue
+        existing = next(
+            (
+                contact
+                for contact in contacts
+                if candidates and contact.id == candidates[0]["contact_id"]
+            ),
+            None,
+        )
+        if existing is None:
+            result.append(
+                _planned_card(
+                    card,
+                    action="create",
+                    allowed=["create", "ignore"],
+                    suggestions=suggestions,
+                )
+            )
+            continue
+        changed = _changed_fields(existing, card["payload"])
+        if not changed:
+            result.append(
+                _planned_card(
+                    card,
+                    action="unchanged",
+                    allowed=["ignore"],
+                    contact=existing,
+                    suggestions=suggestions,
+                    message="Existing contact already matches the parsed card.",
+                )
+            )
+        elif existing_contact_policy == "reject":
+            result.append(
+                _planned_card(
+                    card,
+                    action="conflict",
+                    allowed=["ignore"],
+                    contact=existing,
+                    suggestions=suggestions,
+                    changed=changed,
+                    message="An existing contact matches and the preview policy rejects updates.",
+                )
+            )
+        elif existing_contact_policy == "ignore":
+            result.append(
+                _planned_card(
+                    card,
+                    action="ignore",
+                    allowed=["update", "ignore"],
+                    contact=existing,
+                    suggestions=suggestions,
+                    changed=changed,
+                    message="Existing contact is ignored by preview policy.",
+                )
+            )
+        else:
+            result.append(
+                _planned_card(
+                    card,
+                    action="update",
+                    allowed=["update", "ignore"],
+                    contact=existing,
+                    suggestions=suggestions,
+                    changed=changed,
+                )
+            )
+    return result
+
+
+def _planned_card(
+    card: dict[str, Any],
+    *,
+    action: str,
+    allowed: list[str],
+    contact: Contact | None = None,
+    suggestions: list[dict[str, Any]] | None = None,
+    changed: list[str] | None = None,
+    message: str | None = None,
+) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    return {
+        **card,
+        "row_number": int(card["card_index"]),
+        "action": action,
+        "allowed_actions": allowed,
+        "contact_id": contact.id if contact is not None else None,
+        "expected_contact_hash": _contact_hash(contact)
+        if contact is not None
+        else None,
+        "display_name": card["payload"].get("display_name"),
+        "changed_fields": changed or [],
+        "duplicate_suggestions": suggestions or [],
+        "message": message,
+    }
+
+
+def _duplicate_candidates(
+    card: dict[str, Any],
+    *,
+    by_source: dict[str, list[Contact]],
+    by_email: dict[str, list[Contact]],
+) -> list[dict[str, Any]]:
+    reasons: dict[str, set[str]] = defaultdict(set)
+    contacts: dict[str, Contact] = {}
+    source_ref = card.get("source_ref")
+    if source_ref:
+        for contact in by_source.get(str(source_ref), []):
+            contacts[contact.id] = contact
+            reasons[contact.id].add("source_uid")
+    for item in card["payload"].get("emails") or []:
+        normalized = str(item.get("email") or "").strip().casefold()
+        for contact in by_email.get(normalized, []):
+            contacts[contact.id] = contact
+            reasons[contact.id].add("email")
+    return [
+        {
+            "contact_id": contact_id,
+            "display_name": contacts[contact_id].display_name,
+            "reasons": sorted(reasons[contact_id]),
+        }
+        for contact_id in sorted(
+            contacts, key=lambda item: (contacts[item].display_name.casefold(), item)
+        )[:5]
+    ]
+
+
+def _apply_plan_item(
+    session: Session,
+    principal: ApiPrincipal,
+    *,
+    run: AddressImportRun,
+    item: dict[str, Any],
+    action: str,
+) -> Contact:
+    contact_payload = ContactCreateRequest.model_validate(item["payload"])
+    if action == "create":
+        if item.get("source_ref"):
+            appeared = (
+                session.query(Contact)
+                .filter(
+                    Contact.address_book_id == run.address_book_id,
+                    Contact.source_ref == item["source_ref"],
+                    Contact.deleted_at.is_(None),
+                )
+                .first()
+            )
+            if appeared is not None:
+                raise AddressBookError(
+                    "A matching vCard UID appeared after preview; preview the batch again."
+                )
+        contact = create_contact(
+            session, principal, run.address_book_id, contact_payload
+        )
+    else:
+        contact_id = str(item.get("contact_id") or "")
+        if not contact_id:
+            raise AddressBookError(
+                "The reviewed vCard update has no stable target contact."
+            )
+        current = get_visible_contact(session, principal, contact_id)
+        if _contact_hash(current) != item.get("expected_contact_hash"):
+            raise AddressBookError(
+                f'Contact "{current.display_name}" changed after preview; preview the batch again.'
+            )
+        contact = update_contact(
+            session,
+            principal,
+            current.id,
+            ContactUpdateRequest.model_validate(item["payload"]),
+        )
+    contact.source_kind = "vcard"
+    contact.source_ref = (
+        item.get("source_ref")
+        or f"vcard-sha256:{str(item['source_identity']).split(':', 1)[-1]}"
+    )
+    contact.source_payload_kind = "vcard"
+    contact.source_payload_raw = item["raw"]
+    contact.source_revision = item.get("source_revision")
+    provenance = dict(contact.provenance or {})
+    provenance["vcard_batch"] = {
+        "run_id": run.id,
+        "input_hash": run.input_hash,
+        "plan_hash": run.plan_hash,
+        "parser_version": VCARD_PARSER_VERSION,
+        "source_filename": item["source_filename"],
+        "card_index": item["card_index"],
+    }
+    contact.provenance = provenance
+    session.flush()
+    return contact
+
+
+def _changed_fields(contact: Contact, payload: dict[str, Any]) -> list[str]:
+    current = _contact_projection(contact)
+    incoming = _payload_projection(payload)
+    return sorted(key for key in incoming if current.get(key) != incoming.get(key))
+
+
+def _contact_hash(contact: Contact) -> str:
+    return _hash_json(_contact_projection(contact))
+
+
+def _contact_projection(contact: Contact) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    return {
+        "display_name": contact.display_name,
+        "given_name": contact.given_name,
+        "family_name": contact.family_name,
+        "organization": contact.organization,
+        "role_title": contact.role_title,
+        "note": contact.note,
+        "tags": list(contact.tags or []),
+        "emails": [
+            {"label": item.label, "email": item.email, "is_primary": item.is_primary}
+            for item in contact.emails
+        ],
+        "phones": [
+            {"label": item.label, "phone": item.phone, "is_primary": item.is_primary}
+            for item in contact.phones
+        ],
+        "postal_addresses": [
+            {
+                "label": item.label,
+                "street": item.street,
+                "postal_code": item.postal_code,
+                "locality": item.locality,
+                "region": item.region,
+                "country": item.country,
+                "is_primary": item.is_primary,
+            }
+            for item in contact.postal_addresses
+        ],
+    }
+
+
+def _payload_projection(payload: dict[str, Any]) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    return {
+        key: payload.get(key)
+        for key in (
+            "display_name",
+            "given_name",
+            "family_name",
+            "organization",
+            "role_title",
+            "note",
+            "tags",
+            "emails",
+            "phones",
+            "postal_addresses",
+        )
+    }
+
+
+def _selection_map(payload: VCardBatchCommitRequest) -> dict[str, str]:
+    result: dict[str, str] = {}
+    for selection in payload.selections:
+        if selection.source_key in result:
+            raise AddressBookError("Each vCard may be selected only once.")
+        result[selection.source_key] = selection.action
+    return result
+
+
+def _public_plan_item(item: dict[str, Any]) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    return {
+        key: item.get(key)
+        for key in (
+            "source_key",
+            "source_filename",
+            "card_index",
+            "action",
+            "allowed_actions",
+            "contact_id",
+            "display_name",
+            "changed_fields",
+            "duplicate_suggestions",
+            "message",
+        )
+    }
+
+
+def _export_contacts(
+    session: Session,
+    principal: ApiPrincipal,
+    address_book_id: str,
+    payload: VCardExportRequest,
+) -> list[Contact]:
+    if payload.scope == "address_book":
+        return _loaded_contacts(session, address_book_id=address_book_id)
+    if payload.scope == "contacts":
+        contacts = [
+            get_visible_contact(session, principal, contact_id)
+            for contact_id in payload.contact_ids
+        ]
+        if any(contact.address_book_id != address_book_id for contact in contacts):
+            raise AddressBookError(
+                "Every selected contact must belong to the exported address book."
+            )
+        return contacts
+    address_list = get_visible_address_list(
+        session, principal, str(payload.address_list_id)
+    )
+    if address_list.address_book_id != address_book_id:
+        raise AddressBookError(
+            "The selected address list does not belong to the exported address book."
+        )
+    contact_ids = [
+        item.contact_id
+        for item in (
+            session.query(AddressListEntry)
+            .filter(AddressListEntry.address_list_id == address_list.id)
+            .order_by(AddressListEntry.order_index.asc(), AddressListEntry.id.asc())
+            .all()
+        )
+    ]
+    if not contact_ids:
+        return []
+    return _loaded_contacts(
+        session, address_book_id=address_book_id, contact_ids=set(contact_ids)
+    )
+
+
+def _loaded_contacts(
+    session: Session,
+    *,
+    address_book_id: str,
+    contact_ids: set[str] | None = None,
+) -> list[Contact]:
+    query = (
+        session.query(Contact)
+        .options(
+            selectinload(Contact.emails),
+            selectinload(Contact.phones),
+            selectinload(Contact.postal_addresses),
+        )
+        .filter(
+            Contact.address_book_id == address_book_id, Contact.deleted_at.is_(None)
+        )
+    )
+    if contact_ids is not None:
+        query = query.filter(Contact.id.in_(contact_ids))
+    return query.all()
+
+
+def _visible_books(session: Session, principal: ApiPrincipal):
+    from govoplan_addresses.backend.service import list_address_books
+
+    return list_address_books(session, principal)
+
+
+def _execution_mode(card_count: int) -> str:
+    raw = os.getenv(
+        "GOVOPLAN_ADDRESSES_VCARD_JOB_THRESHOLD", str(DEFAULT_PERSISTED_BATCH_THRESHOLD)
+    )
+    try:
+        threshold = max(1, min(MAX_VCARD_CARDS, int(raw)))
+    except ValueError:
+        threshold = DEFAULT_PERSISTED_BATCH_THRESHOLD
+    return "persisted_batch" if card_count >= threshold else "bounded_sync"
+
+
+def _progress(total: int) -> dict[str, int]:
+    return {
+        "total": total,
+        "completed": 0,
+        "created": 0,
+        "updated": 0,
+        "ignored": 0,
+        "failed": 0,
+    }
+
+
+def _hash_json(value: Any) -> str:
+    return hashlib.sha256(
+        json.dumps(
+            value, sort_keys=True, separators=(",", ":"), ensure_ascii=False
+        ).encode("utf-8")
+    ).hexdigest()
+
+
+def _safe_filename(value: str) -> str:
+    safe = "".join(
+        character if character.isalnum() or character in {"-", "_"} else "-"
+        for character in value.strip()
+    )
+    return safe.strip("-")[:120] or "contacts"
+
+
+__all__ = [
+    "apply_vcard_batch",
+    "cancel_vcard_batch",
+    "export_vcards",
+    "get_vcard_batch_run",
+    "preview_vcard_batch",
+    "vcard_batch_payload",
+    "vcard_diagnostics_payload",
+]

tests/test_migrations.py

@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ class AddressesMigrationTests(unittest.TestCase):
             try:
                 with engine.connect() as connection:
                     self.assertIn(
-                        "c5d7e8f9a0b1",
+                        "d6e8f9a0b1c2",
                         set(MigrationContext.configure(connection).get_current_heads()),
                     )
                     tables = set(inspect(connection).get_table_names())

tests/test_vcard_batches.py

@@ -0,0 +1,270 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import base64
+import unittest
+
+from sqlalchemy import create_engine
+from sqlalchemy.orm import sessionmaker
+
+from govoplan_addresses.backend.db.models import (
+    AddressBook,
+    AddressList,
+    AddressListEntry,
+    Contact,
+)
+from govoplan_addresses.backend.schemas import ContactCreateRequest
+from govoplan_addresses.backend.service import AddressBookError, create_contact
+from govoplan_addresses.backend.vcard import (
+    MAX_VCARD_UNFOLDED_LINE_CHARS,
+    parse_vcards_with_issues,
+)
+from govoplan_addresses.backend.vcard_batch_schemas import (
+    VCardBatchCancelRequest,
+    VCardBatchCommitRequest,
+    VCardBatchFilePayload,
+    VCardBatchPreviewRequest,
+    VCardBatchSelection,
+    VCardExportRequest,
+)
+from govoplan_addresses.backend.vcard_batches import (
+    apply_vcard_batch,
+    cancel_vcard_batch,
+    export_vcards,
+    preview_vcard_batch,
+    vcard_batch_payload,
+)
+from govoplan_core.db.base import Base
+
+
+class Principal:
+    account_id = "account-1"
+    group_ids = frozenset()
+
+    @property
+    def tenant_id(self) -> str:
+        return "tenant-1"
+
+    def has(self, scope: str) -> bool:
+        return scope in {
+            "addresses:address_book:read",
+            "addresses:address_book:write",
+            "addresses:contact:read",
+            "addresses:contact:write",
+        }
+
+
+def vcard(uid: str, name: str, email: str) -> str:
+    return (
+        "BEGIN:VCARD\r\n"
+        "VERSION:4.0\r\n"
+        f"UID:{uid}\r\n"
+        f"FN:{name}\r\n"
+        f"EMAIL:{email}\r\n"
+        "END:VCARD\r\n"
+    )
+
+
+def batch_file(filename: str, content: str) -> VCardBatchFilePayload:
+    return VCardBatchFilePayload(
+        filename=filename,
+        content_base64=base64.b64encode(content.encode()).decode(),
+    )
+
+
+class VCardBatchTests(unittest.TestCase):
+    def setUp(self) -> None:
+        engine = create_engine("sqlite+pysqlite:///:memory:")
+        Base.metadata.create_all(engine)
+        self.session = sessionmaker(bind=engine, expire_on_commit=False)()
+        self.principal = Principal()
+        self.book = AddressBook(
+            tenant_id="tenant-1",
+            scope_type="tenant",
+            scope_id="tenant-1",
+            name="Batch contacts",
+            source_kind="local",
+            read_only=False,
+        )
+        self.session.add(self.book)
+        self.session.flush()
+
+    def test_multifile_preview_selective_apply_and_repeat_are_idempotent(self) -> None:
+        run = preview_vcard_batch(
+            self.session,
+            self.principal,
+            self.book.id,
+            VCardBatchPreviewRequest(
+                files=[
+                    batch_file(
+                        "ada.vcf", vcard("ada-1", "Ada Lovelace", "ada@example.test")
+                    ),
+                    batch_file(
+                        "grace.vcf",
+                        vcard("grace-1", "Grace Hopper", "grace@example.test"),
+                    ),
+                ]
+            ),
+        )
+
+        self.assertEqual(0, self.session.query(Contact).count())
+        self.assertEqual("previewed", run.status)
+        self.assertEqual(2, run.row_count)
+        self.assertEqual("govoplan-vcard/2", run.result_evidence["parser_version"])
+        self.assertNotIn("ada@example.test", repr(vcard_batch_payload(run)))
+
+        selections = [
+            VCardBatchSelection(
+                source_key=run.plan_data[0]["source_key"], action="create"
+            ),
+            VCardBatchSelection(
+                source_key=run.plan_data[1]["source_key"], action="ignore"
+            ),
+        ]
+        request = VCardBatchCommitRequest(
+            expected_plan_hash=run.plan_hash, selections=selections
+        )
+        applied = apply_vcard_batch(self.session, self.principal, run.id, request)
+        repeated = apply_vcard_batch(self.session, self.principal, run.id, request)
+
+        self.assertIs(applied, repeated)
+        self.assertEqual(1, self.session.query(Contact).count())
+        self.assertEqual("Ada Lovelace", self.session.query(Contact).one().display_name)
+        self.assertEqual(1, applied.result_evidence["progress"]["ignored"])
+        with self.assertRaisesRegex(AddressBookError, "different selection"):
+            apply_vcard_batch(
+                self.session,
+                self.principal,
+                run.id,
+                VCardBatchCommitRequest(
+                    expected_plan_hash=run.plan_hash,
+                    selections=[
+                        VCardBatchSelection(
+                            source_key=run.plan_data[1]["source_key"], action="create"
+                        )
+                    ],
+                ),
+            )
+
+    def test_duplicate_uid_policy_and_cancellation(self) -> None:
+        run = preview_vcard_batch(
+            self.session,
+            self.principal,
+            self.book.id,
+            VCardBatchPreviewRequest(
+                files=[
+                    batch_file(
+                        "duplicates.vcf",
+                        vcard("same", "First", "first@example.test")
+                        + vcard("same", "Last", "last@example.test"),
+                    )
+                ],
+                duplicate_card_policy="reject",
+            ),
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(
+            ["conflict", "conflict"], [item["action"] for item in run.plan_data]
+        )
+        cancelled = cancel_vcard_batch(
+            self.session,
+            self.principal,
+            run.id,
+            VCardBatchCancelRequest(
+                expected_plan_hash=run.plan_hash,
+                reason="Operator rejected duplicate source UIDs.",
+            ),
+        )
+        self.assertEqual("cancelled", cancelled.status)
+        self.assertEqual(0, self.session.query(Contact).count())
+
+        last = preview_vcard_batch(
+            self.session,
+            self.principal,
+            self.book.id,
+            VCardBatchPreviewRequest(
+                files=[
+                    batch_file(
+                        "duplicates.vcf",
+                        vcard("same", "First", "first@example.test")
+                        + vcard("same", "Last", "last@example.test"),
+                    )
+                ],
+                duplicate_card_policy="last",
+            ),
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(
+            ["ignore", "create"], [item["action"] for item in last.plan_data]
+        )
+
+    def test_deterministic_scoped_export_supports_vcard_versions(self) -> None:
+        grace = create_contact(
+            self.session,
+            self.principal,
+            self.book.id,
+            ContactCreateRequest(display_name="Grace Hopper"),
+        )
+        ada = create_contact(
+            self.session,
+            self.principal,
+            self.book.id,
+            ContactCreateRequest(display_name="Ada Lovelace"),
+        )
+        address_list = AddressList(
+            tenant_id="tenant-1",
+            address_book_id=self.book.id,
+            name="Selected",
+            source_kind="local",
+            read_only=False,
+        )
+        self.session.add(address_list)
+        self.session.flush()
+        self.session.add(
+            AddressListEntry(
+                address_list_id=address_list.id, contact_id=grace.id, order_index=0
+            )
+        )
+        self.session.flush()
+
+        selected = export_vcards(
+            self.session,
+            self.principal,
+            self.book.id,
+            VCardExportRequest(
+                scope="contacts", contact_ids=[grace.id, ada.id], version="3.0"
+            ),
+        )
+        repeated = export_vcards(
+            self.session,
+            self.principal,
+            self.book.id,
+            VCardExportRequest(
+                scope="contacts", contact_ids=[ada.id, grace.id], version="3.0"
+            ),
+        )
+        listed = export_vcards(
+            self.session,
+            self.principal,
+            self.book.id,
+            VCardExportRequest(scope="address_list", address_list_id=address_list.id),
+        )
+
+        self.assertEqual(selected["content_hash"], repeated["content_hash"])
+        self.assertLess(
+            selected["content"].index("Ada Lovelace"),
+            selected["content"].index("Grace Hopper"),
+        )
+        self.assertIn("VERSION:3.0", selected["content"])
+        self.assertEqual(1, listed["contact_count"])
+        self.assertIn("Grace Hopper", listed["content"])
+
+    def test_parser_rejects_pathological_unfolded_lines(self) -> None:
+        result = parse_vcards_with_issues(
+            "BEGIN:VCARD\nFN:"
+            + ("a" * (MAX_VCARD_UNFOLDED_LINE_CHARS + 1))
+            + "\nEND:VCARD"
+        )
+        self.assertEqual([], result.cards)
+        self.assertIn("unfolded lines", result.issues[0].message)
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    unittest.main()

webui/src/api/addresses.ts

@@ -354,6 +354,60 @@ export type VCardImportResult = {
   issues: Array<{ index: number; message: string; severity: "warning" | "error"; field?: string | null; line?: number | null }>;
 };
 
+export type VCardBatchPlanItem = {
+  source_key: string;
+  source_filename: string;
+  card_index: number;
+  action: "create" | "update" | "ignore" | "unchanged" | "conflict";
+  allowed_actions: Array<"create" | "update" | "ignore">;
+  contact_id?: string | null;
+  display_name?: string | null;
+  changed_fields: string[];
+  duplicate_suggestions: Array<{ contact_id: string; display_name: string; reasons: string[] }>;
+  message?: string | null;
+};
+
+export type VCardBatchRun = {
+  id: string;
+  address_book_id: string;
+  status: string;
+  input_hash: string;
+  plan_hash: string;
+  parser_version: string;
+  execution_mode: "bounded_sync" | "persisted_batch";
+  file_count: number;
+  card_count: number;
+  statistics: Record<string, number | string>;
+  diagnostics: Array<{
+    severity: "info" | "warning" | "error";
+    code: string;
+    message: string;
+    source_filename?: string | null;
+    card_index?: number | null;
+    field?: string | null;
+    details: Record<string, unknown>;
+  }>;
+  plan: VCardBatchPlanItem[];
+  progress: { total: number; completed: number; created: number; updated: number; ignored: number; failed: number };
+  can_apply: boolean;
+  can_cancel: boolean;
+  commit_hash?: string | null;
+  created_at: string;
+  updated_at: string;
+  applied_at?: string | null;
+};
+
+export type VCardExportResult = {
+  filename: string;
+  media_type: string;
+  scope: "address_book" | "address_list" | "contacts";
+  version: "3.0" | "4.0";
+  ordering: string;
+  contact_count: number;
+  content_hash: string;
+  content: string;
+};
+
 export type AddressSyncSource = {
   id: string;
   tenant_id?: string | null;
@@ -538,7 +592,7 @@ export type AddressImportDiagnostic = {
 export type AddressImportRun = {
   id: string;
   address_book_id: string;
-  profile_id: string;
+  profile_id: string | null;
   source_filename: string;
   source_format: string;
   input_hash: string;
@@ -1057,6 +1111,47 @@ export function importAddressBookVcards(settings: ApiSettings, addressBookId: st
   });
 }
 
+export function previewVCardBatch(
+  settings: ApiSettings,
+  addressBookId: string,
+  payload: {
+    files: Array<{ filename: string; content_base64: string }>;
+    duplicate_card_policy?: "reject" | "first" | "last";
+    existing_contact_policy?: "update" | "ignore" | "reject";
+  }
+): Promise<VCardBatchRun> {
+  return apiFetch<VCardBatchRun>(settings, `/api/v1/addresses/address-books/${addressBookId}/vcard-batches/preview`, {
+    method: "POST",
+    body: JSON.stringify(payload)
+  });
+}
+
+export function getVCardBatch(settings: ApiSettings, runId: string): Promise<VCardBatchRun> {
+  return apiFetch<VCardBatchRun>(settings, `/api/v1/addresses/vcard-batches/${encodeURIComponent(runId)}`);
+}
+
+export function applyVCardBatch(
+  settings: ApiSettings,
+  run: VCardBatchRun,
+  selections: Array<{ source_key: string; action: "create" | "update" | "ignore" }>
+): Promise<VCardBatchRun> {
+  return apiFetch<VCardBatchRun>(settings, `/api/v1/addresses/vcard-batches/${encodeURIComponent(run.id)}/apply`, {
+    method: "POST",
+    body: JSON.stringify({ expected_plan_hash: run.plan_hash, selections })
+  });
+}
+
+export function cancelVCardBatch(settings: ApiSettings, run: VCardBatchRun, reason: string): Promise<VCardBatchRun> {
+  return apiFetch<VCardBatchRun>(settings, `/api/v1/addresses/vcard-batches/${encodeURIComponent(run.id)}/cancel`, {
+    method: "POST",
+    body: JSON.stringify({ expected_plan_hash: run.plan_hash, reason })
+  });
+}
+
+export function exportVCardBatchDiagnostics(settings: ApiSettings, runId: string): Promise<string> {
+  return apiFetch<string>(settings, `/api/v1/addresses/vcard-batches/${encodeURIComponent(runId)}/diagnostics`);
+}
+
 export async function listAddressImportProfiles(settings: ApiSettings): Promise<AddressImportProfile[]> {
   const response = await apiFetch<AddressImportProfileListResponse>(settings, "/api/v1/addresses/import-profiles");
   return response.profiles;
@@ -1123,6 +1218,22 @@ export function exportAddressBookVcards(settings: ApiSettings, addressBookId: st
   return apiFetch<string>(settings, `/api/v1/addresses/address-books/${addressBookId}/vcards/export`);
 }
 
+export function exportScopedVcards(
+  settings: ApiSettings,
+  addressBookId: string,
+  payload: {
+    scope: "address_book" | "address_list" | "contacts";
+    address_list_id?: string | null;
+    contact_ids?: string[];
+    version?: "3.0" | "4.0";
+  }
+): Promise<VCardExportResult> {
+  return apiFetch<VCardExportResult>(settings, `/api/v1/addresses/address-books/${addressBookId}/vcards/export`, {
+    method: "POST",
+    body: JSON.stringify(payload)
+  });
+}
+
 export function exportContactVcard(settings: ApiSettings, contactId: string): Promise<string> {
   return apiFetch<string>(settings, `/api/v1/addresses/contacts/${contactId}/vcard`);
 }

webui/src/features/addressbook/AddressBookPage.tsx

@@ -42,6 +42,9 @@ import {
   createContact,
   createContactChannelRule,
   createContactQualityDecision,
+  applyAddressImport,
+  applyVCardBatch,
+  cancelVCardBatch,
   deleteAddressBook,
   deleteAddressList,
   deleteAddressListEntry,
@@ -50,11 +53,9 @@ import {
   discoverCardDavAddressBooks,
   discoverLdapBaseDns,
   endContactChannelRule,
-  exportAddressBookVcards,
-  exportContactVcard,
+  exportScopedVcards,
   getAddressImportRun,
-  importAddressBookVcards,
-  applyAddressImport,
+  getVCardBatch,
   getAddressQualitySummary,
   listAddressBooks,
   listAddressImportProfiles,
@@ -73,6 +74,7 @@ import {
   listContactProvenance,
   previewAddressSyncSource,
   previewAddressImport,
+  previewVCardBatch,
   rollbackAddressImport,
   mergeContacts,
   recoverContactMerge,
@@ -109,7 +111,8 @@ import {
   type ContactFieldProvenance,
   type ContactMergeRecord,
   type ContactPointQualityDecision,
-  type ContactPointQualityState
+  type ContactPointQualityState,
+  type VCardBatchRun
 } from "../../api/addresses";
 import {
   ADDRESS_FIELDS_DOCUMENTATION,
@@ -905,10 +908,6 @@ function contactFormHasIdentity(form: ContactFormState): boolean {
   );
 }
 
-function safeFilename(value: string): string {
-  return (value.trim().replace(/[^A-Za-z0-9_.-]+/g, "-").replace(/^-+|-+$/g, "") || "address-book") + ".vcf";
-}
-
 function downloadText(filename: string, content: string, type = "text/vcard;charset=utf-8") {
   const blob = new Blob([content], { type });
   const url = window.URL.createObjectURL(blob);
@@ -1003,7 +1002,12 @@ export default function AddressBookPage({ settings, auth, onAuthChange }: Props)
   const [dropTargetListId, setDropTargetListId] = useState("");
   const [importOpen, setImportOpen] = useState(false);
   const [importMode, setImportMode] = useState<ImportMode>("vcard");
-  const [vcardContent, setVcardContent] = useState("");
+  const [vcardFiles, setVcardFiles] = useState<File[]>([]);
+  const [vcardRun, setVcardRun] = useState<VCardBatchRun | null>(null);
+  const [vcardSelections, setVcardSelections] = useState<Record<string, "create" | "update" | "ignore">>({});
+  const [vcardDuplicatePolicy, setVcardDuplicatePolicy] = useState<"reject" | "first" | "last">("reject");
+  const [vcardExistingPolicy, setVcardExistingPolicy] = useState<"update" | "ignore" | "reject">("update");
+  const [vcardExportVersion, setVcardExportVersion] = useState<"3.0" | "4.0">("4.0");
   const [importProfiles, setImportProfiles] = useState<AddressImportProfile[]>([]);
   const [selectedImportProfileId, setSelectedImportProfileId] = useState("");
   const [creatingImportProfile, setCreatingImportProfile] = useState(false);
@@ -1305,10 +1309,16 @@ export default function AddressBookPage({ settings, auth, onAuthChange }: Props)
     ]
   );
   const dialogCancelReason = disabledReason([saving, savingReason]);
-  const vcardImportReason = disabledReason(
+  const vcardPreviewReason = disabledReason(
     [saving, savingReason],
     [!selectedBook, "Select an address book before importing vCards."],
-    [!vcardContent.trim(), "Paste vCard content before importing."]
+    [vcardFiles.length === 0, "Select one or more .vcf files before previewing."]
+  );
+  const vcardApplyReason = disabledReason(
+    [saving, savingReason],
+    [!vcardRun, "Preview the vCard files before applying."],
+    [!vcardRun?.can_apply, "This vCard batch is no longer pending."],
+    [Object.keys(vcardSelections).length === 0, "Select an action for at least one card."]
   );
   const importProfileSaveReason = disabledReason(
     [saving, savingReason],
@@ -2288,8 +2298,11 @@ export default function AddressBookPage({ settings, auth, onAuthChange }: Props)
     setError("");
     setNotice("");
     try {
-      const content = await exportAddressBookVcards(settings, selectedBook.id);
-      downloadText(safeFilename(selectedBook.name), content);
+      const result = await exportScopedVcards(settings, selectedBook.id, selectedList
+        ? { scope: "address_list", address_list_id: selectedList.id, version: vcardExportVersion }
+        : { scope: "address_book", version: vcardExportVersion });
+      downloadText(result.filename, result.content);
+      setNotice(`Exported ${result.contact_count} contact${result.contact_count === 1 ? "" : "s"} as vCard ${result.version}.`);
     } catch (err) {
       setError(errorMessage(err));
     } finally {
@@ -2302,8 +2315,12 @@ export default function AddressBookPage({ settings, auth, onAuthChange }: Props)
     setError("");
     setNotice("");
     try {
-      const content = await exportContactVcard(settings, contact.id);
-      downloadText(safeFilename(contact.display_name), content);
+      const result = await exportScopedVcards(settings, contact.address_book_id, {
+        scope: "contacts",
+        contact_ids: [contact.id],
+        version: vcardExportVersion
+      });
+      downloadText(result.filename, result.content);
     } catch (err) {
       setError(errorMessage(err));
     } finally {
@@ -2311,18 +2328,58 @@ export default function AddressBookPage({ settings, auth, onAuthChange }: Props)
     }
   }
 
-  async function submitVcardImport(event: FormEvent<HTMLFormElement>) {
-    event.preventDefault();
+  async function previewSelectedVcards() {
     if (!selectedBook) return;
     setSaving(true);
     setError("");
     setNotice("");
     try {
-      const result = await importAddressBookVcards(settings, selectedBook.id, vcardContent);
-      setImportOpen(false);
-      setVcardContent("");
-      const issueCount = result.issues.length;
-      setNotice(`Imported ${result.imported} contact${result.imported === 1 ? "" : "s"}${result.skipped ? `, skipped ${result.skipped}` : ""}${issueCount ? ` (${issueCount} import issue${issueCount === 1 ? "" : "s"})` : ""}.`);
+      const files = await Promise.all(vcardFiles.map(async (file) => ({
+        filename: file.name,
+        content_base64: await fileAsBase64(file)
+      })));
+      const run = await previewVCardBatch(settings, selectedBook.id, {
+        files,
+        duplicate_card_policy: vcardDuplicatePolicy,
+        existing_contact_policy: vcardExistingPolicy
+      });
+      setVcardRun(run);
+      setVcardSelections(Object.fromEntries(run.plan.map((item) => {
+        const action = item.allowed_actions.includes(item.action as "create" | "update" | "ignore")
+          ? item.action as "create" | "update" | "ignore"
+          : "ignore";
+        return [item.source_key, action];
+      })));
+      setNotice(`Previewed ${run.card_count} vCard${run.card_count === 1 ? "" : "s"} without changing contacts.`);
+    } catch (err) {
+      setError(errorMessage(err));
+    } finally {
+      setSaving(false);
+    }
+  }
+
+  async function reloadVcardRun() {
+    if (!vcardRun) return;
+    setSaving(true);
+    setError("");
+    try {
+      setVcardRun(await getVCardBatch(settings, vcardRun.id));
+    } catch (err) {
+      setError(errorMessage(err));
+    } finally {
+      setSaving(false);
+    }
+  }
+
+  async function applySelectedVcards() {
+    if (!selectedBook || !vcardRun) return;
+    setSaving(true);
+    setError("");
+    setNotice("");
+    try {
+      const run = await applyVCardBatch(settings, vcardRun, Object.entries(vcardSelections).map(([source_key, action]) => ({ source_key, action })));
+      setVcardRun(run);
+      setNotice(`Applied vCard batch: ${run.progress.created} created, ${run.progress.updated} updated, ${run.progress.ignored} ignored.`);
       await refreshBooks();
       await refreshContacts(selectedBook.id, query);
     } catch (err) {
@@ -2332,9 +2389,27 @@ export default function AddressBookPage({ settings, auth, onAuthChange }: Props)
     }
   }
 
+  async function cancelSelectedVcardBatch() {
+    if (!vcardRun) return;
+    setSaving(true);
+    setError("");
+    try {
+      const run = await cancelVCardBatch(settings, vcardRun, "Cancelled by operator before commit.");
+      setVcardRun(run);
+      setNotice("Cancelled the pending vCard batch without changing contacts.");
+    } catch (err) {
+      setError(errorMessage(err));
+    } finally {
+      setSaving(false);
+    }
+  }
+
   function openImportDialog() {
     setSearchParams(withImportRunSearch(searchParams, null), { replace: true });
     setImportMode("vcard");
+    setVcardFiles([]);
+    setVcardRun(null);
+    setVcardSelections({});
     setImportRun(null);
     setImportRunUnavailable("");
     setImportFile(null);
@@ -2346,6 +2421,9 @@ export default function AddressBookPage({ settings, auth, onAuthChange }: Props)
 
   function closeImportDialog() {
     setImportOpen(false);
+    setVcardFiles([]);
+    setVcardRun(null);
+    setVcardSelections({});
     setImportRun(null);
     setImportRunUnavailable("");
     setImportRollbackOpen(false);
@@ -2882,7 +2960,11 @@ export default function AddressBookPage({ settings, auth, onAuthChange }: Props)
         <Button type="button" title="Add address book" aria-label="Add address book" variant="primary" onClick={openCreateBookDialog} disabledReason={createBookReason}><Plus size={15} /></Button>
         <Button type="button" title="Add address list" aria-label="Add address list" onClick={openCreateListDialog} disabledReason={createListReason}><Plus size={15} /></Button>
         <Button type="button" title="Import contacts" aria-label="Import contacts" onClick={openImportDialog} disabledReason={importBookReason}><Upload size={15} /></Button>
-        <Button type="button" title="Export selected address book as vCard" aria-label="Export selected address book as vCard" onClick={() => void exportSelectedBook()} disabledReason={exportBookReason}><Download size={15} /></Button>
+        <select aria-label="vCard export version" value={vcardExportVersion} onChange={(event) => setVcardExportVersion(event.target.value as "3.0" | "4.0")}>
+          <option value="4.0">vCard 4.0</option>
+          <option value="3.0">vCard 3.0</option>
+        </select>
+        <Button type="button" title={`Export selected ${selectedList ? "address list" : "address book"} as vCard ${vcardExportVersion}`} aria-label={`Export selected ${selectedList ? "address list" : "address book"} as vCard ${vcardExportVersion}`} onClick={() => void exportSelectedBook()} disabledReason={exportBookReason}><Download size={15} /></Button>
         <Button type="button" title="Connect CardDAV" aria-label="Connect CardDAV" onClick={openCardDavDialog} disabledReason={connectCardDavReason}><Link2 size={15} /></Button>
         <Button type="button" title="Connect LDAP or Active Directory" aria-label="Connect LDAP or Active Directory" onClick={openLdapDialog} disabledReason={connectLdapReason}><Network size={15} /></Button>
         <Button type="button" title="Inspect sync source" aria-label="Inspect sync source" onClick={() => selectedSyncSource && void openSyncInspector(selectedSyncSource)} disabledReason={inspectSyncReason}><Search size={15} /></Button>
@@ -3804,7 +3886,11 @@ export default function AddressBookPage({ settings, auth, onAuthChange }: Props)
           <>
             <Button type="button" onClick={closeImportDialog} disabledReason={dialogCancelReason}>Close</Button>
             {importMode === "vcard" &&
-              <Button type="submit" form="address-vcard-import-form" variant="primary" disabledReason={vcardImportReason}><Upload size={16} /> Import</Button>}
+              <Button type="button" onClick={() => void previewSelectedVcards()} disabledReason={vcardPreviewReason}><Search size={16} /> Preview</Button>}
+            {importMode === "vcard" && vcardRun?.can_apply &&
+              <Button type="button" variant="primary" onClick={() => void applySelectedVcards()} disabledReason={vcardApplyReason}><Upload size={16} /> Apply selected</Button>}
+            {importMode === "vcard" && vcardRun?.can_cancel &&
+              <Button type="button" variant="danger" onClick={() => void cancelSelectedVcardBatch()} disabledReason={savingReason}><X size={16} /> Cancel batch</Button>}
             {importMode === "tabular" && creatingImportProfile &&
               <Button type="button" variant="primary" onClick={() => void saveImportProfile()} disabledReason={importProfileSaveReason}><Save size={16} /> {editingImportProfileId ? "Save new version" : "Save mapping"}</Button>}
             {importMode === "tabular" && !creatingImportProfile &&
@@ -3825,18 +3911,74 @@ export default function AddressBookPage({ settings, auth, onAuthChange }: Props)
             onChange={(mode) => { setImportMode(mode); clearRetainedImportRun(); }}
           />
           {importMode === "vcard" &&
-            <DialogForm id="address-vcard-import-form" className="address-dialog-form" onSubmit={(event) => void submitVcardImport(event)}>
-              <p className="muted">Paste one or more vCard entries into the selected address book.</p>
-              <FormField label="vCard content">
-                <textarea
-                  className="address-vcard-textarea"
-                  value={vcardContent}
-                  onChange={(event) => setVcardContent(event.target.value)}
-                  rows={14}
-                  placeholder={"BEGIN:VCARD\nVERSION:4.0\nFN:Ada Lovelace\nEMAIL;TYPE=work:ada@example.local\nEND:VCARD"}
+            <div className="address-import-workspace">
+              <p className="muted">Select one or more .vcf files. Preview parses and validates them without changing contacts; only the reviewed actions are committed.</p>
+              <FormField label="vCard files">
+                <input
+                  type="file"
+                  accept=".vcf,text/vcard,text/x-vcard"
+                  multiple
+                  onChange={(event) => {
+                    setVcardFiles(Array.from(event.target.files ?? []));
+                    setVcardRun(null);
+                    setVcardSelections({});
+                  }}
                 />
               </FormField>
-            </DialogForm>}
+              <FormGrid columns={2} collapseAt="standard" className="">
+                <FormField label="Duplicate cards in upload">
+                  <select value={vcardDuplicatePolicy} onChange={(event) => { setVcardDuplicatePolicy(event.target.value as typeof vcardDuplicatePolicy); setVcardRun(null); }}>
+                    <option value="reject">Require manual rejection</option>
+                    <option value="first">Use first occurrence</option>
+                    <option value="last">Use last occurrence</option>
+                  </select>
+                </FormField>
+                <FormField label="Existing contacts">
+                  <select value={vcardExistingPolicy} onChange={(event) => { setVcardExistingPolicy(event.target.value as typeof vcardExistingPolicy); setVcardRun(null); }}>
+                    <option value="update">Propose update</option>
+                    <option value="ignore">Propose ignore</option>
+                    <option value="reject">Require rejection</option>
+                  </select>
+                </FormField>
+              </FormGrid>
+              {vcardRun &&
+                <div className="address-import-preview">
+                  <div className="address-import-run-state">
+                    <div>
+                      <strong>Persisted vCard batch</strong>
+                      <span className="muted block">{vcardRun.id} · {vcardRun.parser_version} · {vcardRun.execution_mode.replace("_", " ")}</span>
+                    </div>
+                    <StatusBadge status={vcardRun.status} />
+                    <Button type="button" onClick={() => void reloadVcardRun()} disabledReason={savingReason}><RefreshCw size={15} /> Reload run</Button>
+                  </div>
+                  <div className="address-sync-plan-grid">
+                    {(["create", "update", "ignore", "unchanged", "conflict", "errors"] as const).map((key) =>
+                      <div key={key}><strong>{vcardRun.statistics[key] ?? 0}</strong><small>{key}</small></div>)}
+                  </div>
+                  {vcardRun.diagnostics.map((diagnostic, index) =>
+                    <DismissibleAlert key={`${diagnostic.code}-${diagnostic.source_filename ?? index}-${diagnostic.card_index ?? index}`} tone={diagnostic.severity === "error" ? "danger" : diagnostic.severity === "warning" ? "warning" : "info"}>
+                      {diagnostic.source_filename ? `${diagnostic.source_filename}${diagnostic.card_index ? ` card ${diagnostic.card_index}` : ""}: ` : ""}{diagnostic.message}
+                    </DismissibleAlert>)}
+                  <div className="address-sync-result-list">
+                    {vcardRun.plan.map((item) =>
+                      <div className="address-sync-plan-row" key={item.source_key}>
+                        <StatusBadge status={item.action} />
+                        <span>
+                          <strong>{item.display_name || `Card ${item.card_index}`} · {item.source_filename}</strong>
+                          <small>{item.changed_fields.join(", ") || item.message || "No field changes"}</small>
+                          {item.duplicate_suggestions.length > 0 && <small>Possible match: {item.duplicate_suggestions.map((candidate) => candidate.display_name).join(", ")}</small>}
+                        </span>
+                        <select
+                          aria-label={`Import action for ${item.display_name || `card ${item.card_index}`}`}
+                          value={vcardSelections[item.source_key] ?? "ignore"}
+                          disabled={!vcardRun.can_apply || item.allowed_actions.length < 2}
+                          onChange={(event) => setVcardSelections((current) => ({ ...current, [item.source_key]: event.target.value as "create" | "update" | "ignore" }))}>
+                          {item.allowed_actions.map((action) => <option value={action} key={action}>{action}</option>)}
+                        </select>
+                      </div>)}
+                  </div>
+                </div>}
+            </div>}
           {importMode === "tabular" &&
             <div className="address-import-workspace">
               {(requestedImportRunId || importRun) &&