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feat: add Python and Java regex engines

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Albrecht Degering
2026-07-27 02:02:21 +02:00
parent 4951c966d4
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This product includes software developed by Alexey Andreev
(http://teavm.org).
This product includes software developed by The Apache Software
Foundation (http://www.apache.org/).
=============================================================================
= NOTICE file corresponding to section 4d of the Apache License Version 2.0 =
=============================================================================
This product includes software developed by
Joda.org (http://www.joda.org/).

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# TeaVM Java regular-expression engine
This project compiles a bounded bridge around TeaVM 0.15.0's
`java.util.regex.Pattern` and `Matcher` class-library implementation to a
minified ES2015 module.
The runtime is intentionally identified as `TeaVM java.util.regex 0.15.0`.
TeaVM supplies its own Apache Harmony-derived Java class-library subset; the
generated engine is not OpenJDK and must not be presented as exact OpenJDK
semantics.
The `U` application flag is a compatibility request. TeaVM 0.15.0 does not
implement OpenJDK's `Pattern.UNICODE_CHARACTER_CLASS`; the bridge implies
Unicode case folding but retains TeaVM's predefined-character-class and word
boundary behaviour. The TypeScript adapter reports this boundary.
Replacement is delegated to TeaVM 0.15.0's native `Matcher` implementation.
That implementation recognizes only a single decimal digit after `$` (`$0`
through `$9`, subject to the compiled group count). It does not implement
OpenJDK's `${name}` named-replacement syntax; the bridge returns a
`replacement-error` when such a replacement is attempted.
Maven builds `target/generated/java-regex.mjs`. The repository pack script
verifies the pinned source identity, bridge source hashes, licence/notice and
generated module before it can be installed under `public/engines/java`.

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>de.addideas.regextools</groupId>
<artifactId>java-regex-engine</artifactId>
<version>0.1.0</version>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<properties>
<maven.compiler.release>11</maven.compiler.release>
<project.build.outputTimestamp>2026-06-06T15:27:10Z</project.build.outputTimestamp>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<teavm.version>0.15.0</teavm.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.teavm</groupId>
<artifactId>teavm-classlib</artifactId>
<version>${teavm.version}</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.teavm</groupId>
<artifactId>teavm-jso</artifactId>
<version>${teavm.version}</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-clean-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.4.1</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.13.0</version>
<configuration>
<release>${maven.compiler.release}</release>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.4.2</version>
<configuration>
<outputTimestamp>${project.build.outputTimestamp}</outputTimestamp>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.teavm</groupId>
<artifactId>teavm-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<version>${teavm.version}</version>
<executions>
<execution>
<id>java-regex-browser-engine</id>
<goals>
<goal>compile</goal>
</goals>
<configuration>
<mainClass>de.addideas.regextools.javaengine.RegexBridge</mainClass>
<targetDirectory>${project.build.directory}/generated</targetDirectory>
<targetFileName>java-regex.mjs</targetFileName>
<targetType>JAVASCRIPT</targetType>
<jsModuleType>ES2015</jsModuleType>
<minifying>true</minifying>
<optimizationLevel>ADVANCED</optimizationLevel>
<debugInformationGenerated>false</debugInformationGenerated>
<sourceMapsGenerated>false</sourceMapsGenerated>
<sourceFilesCopied>false</sourceFilesCopied>
</configuration>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>

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engines/java/src/main/java/de/addideas/regextools/javaengine/RegexBridge.java Normal file
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/*
* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later
*
* The generated module links TeaVM 0.15.0 class-library code distributed
* under Apache-2.0. Its runtime identity is TeaVM java.util.regex, not OpenJDK.
*/
package de.addideas.regextools.javaengine;
import java.util.regex.Matcher;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;
import java.util.regex.PatternSyntaxException;
import org.teavm.jso.JSExport;
public final class RegexBridge {
private static final int BRIDGE_ABI_VERSION = 1;
private static final String ENGINE_IDENTITY = "TeaVM java.util.regex 0.15.0";
private static final int MAXIMUM_CAPTURE_GROUPS = 1_000;
private static final int MAXIMUM_NATIVE_OUTPUT_UTF16 = 64 * 1024 * 1024;
private static final int FLAG_CASE_INSENSITIVE = 1 << 0;
private static final int FLAG_MULTILINE = 1 << 1;
private static final int FLAG_DOTALL = 1 << 2;
private static final int FLAG_UNICODE_CASE = 1 << 3;
private static final int FLAG_COMMENTS = 1 << 4;
private static final int FLAG_UNICODE_CHARACTER_COMPATIBILITY = 1 << 5;
private static final int FLAG_UNIX_LINES = 1 << 6;
private RegexBridge() {
}
public static void main(String[] arguments) {
// TeaVM requires a main class. All useful entry points are JS exports.
}
@JSExport
public static int bridgeAbiVersion() {
return BRIDGE_ABI_VERSION;
}
@JSExport
public static String engineIdentity() {
return ENGINE_IDENTITY;
}
@JSExport
public static int selfTest() {
try {
Matcher matcher = Pattern.compile("(?<=a)(b)\\1").matcher("abb");
if (!matcher.find() || matcher.start() != 1 || matcher.end() != 3
|| matcher.start(1) != 1 || matcher.end(1) != 2) {
return 1;
}
StringBuffer output = new StringBuffer();
matcher.appendReplacement(output, "<$1>");
matcher.appendTail(output);
return "a<b>".contentEquals(output) ? 0 : 2;
} catch (RuntimeException failure) {
return 3;
}
}
@JSExport
public static String execute(
String pattern,
String subject,
int applicationFlags,
boolean iterate,
int maximumMatches,
int maximumCaptureRows) {
return run(
pattern,
subject,
applicationFlags,
iterate,
maximumMatches,
maximumCaptureRows,
null);
}
@JSExport
public static String replace(
String pattern,
String subject,
String replacement,
int applicationFlags,
boolean iterate,
int maximumMatches,
int maximumCaptureRows) {
return run(
pattern,
subject,
applicationFlags,
iterate,
maximumMatches,
maximumCaptureRows,
replacement);
}
private static String run(
String patternText,
String subject,
int applicationFlags,
boolean iterate,
int maximumMatches,
int maximumCaptureRows,
String replacement) {
if (patternText == null || subject == null) {
return failure("bridge-error", "NullPointerException",
"Pattern and subject must not be null.", -1);
}
if (maximumMatches < 1 || maximumCaptureRows < 1) {
return failure("limit-error", "IllegalArgumentException",
"Result limits must be positive.", -1);
}
Pattern pattern;
try {
pattern = Pattern.compile(patternText, nativeFlags(applicationFlags));
} catch (PatternSyntaxException failure) {
String message = failure.getDescription();
if (message == null || message.length() == 0) {
message = failure.getMessage();
}
return failure("compile-error", "PatternSyntaxException", message, failure.getIndex());
} catch (RuntimeException failure) {
return failure("compile-error", failure.getClass().getSimpleName(),
safeMessage(failure, "TeaVM rejected the pattern."), -1);
}
Matcher matcher = pattern.matcher(subject);
int groupCount = matcher.groupCount();
if (groupCount > MAXIMUM_CAPTURE_GROUPS) {
return failure("limit-error", "CaptureGroupLimit",
"The pattern exceeds the 1,000 capture-group execution limit.", -1);
}
StringBuilder records = new StringBuilder();
StringBuffer output = replacement == null ? null : new StringBuffer();
int matchCount = 0;
int captureRows = 0;
int lastReplacementEnd = 0;
boolean resultsTruncated = false;
boolean outputTruncated = false;
try {
while (matcher.find()) {
int rowsForMatch = Math.max(1, groupCount);
if (matchCount >= maximumMatches
|| captureRows + rowsForMatch > maximumCaptureRows) {
resultsTruncated = true;
break;
}
appendNumber(records, matcher.start());
appendNumber(records, matcher.end());
for (int group = 1; group <= groupCount; group++) {
appendNumber(records, matcher.start(group));
appendNumber(records, matcher.end(group));
}
matchCount++;
captureRows += rowsForMatch;
if (output != null && !outputTruncated) {
long expansionLength = replacementExpansionLength(matcher, replacement);
long projectedLength = (long) output.length()
+ matcher.start() - lastReplacementEnd
+ expansionLength;
if (projectedLength > MAXIMUM_NATIVE_OUTPUT_UTF16) {
appendBounded(
output,
subject,
lastReplacementEnd,
matcher.start(),
MAXIMUM_NATIVE_OUTPUT_UTF16);
outputTruncated = true;
} else {
matcher.appendReplacement(output, replacement);
lastReplacementEnd = matcher.end();
}
}
if (!iterate) {
break;
}
}
if (output != null && !outputTruncated) {
long projectedLength = (long) output.length()
+ subject.length() - lastReplacementEnd;
if (projectedLength > MAXIMUM_NATIVE_OUTPUT_UTF16) {
appendBounded(
output,
subject,
lastReplacementEnd,
subject.length(),
MAXIMUM_NATIVE_OUTPUT_UTF16);
outputTruncated = true;
} else {
matcher.appendTail(output);
}
}
} catch (RuntimeException failure) {
String kind = replacement == null ? "execution-error" : "replacement-error";
String fallback = replacement == null
? "TeaVM failed while matching."
: "TeaVM Matcher rejected the replacement.";
return failure(kind, failure.getClass().getSimpleName(),
safeMessage(failure, fallback), -1);
}
FieldWriter result = new FieldWriter();
result.field("1");
result.field("ok");
result.number(groupCount);
result.bool(resultsTruncated);
result.number(matchCount);
result.raw(records);
if (output != null) {
result.bool(outputTruncated);
result.field(output.toString());
}
return result.toString();
}
private static int nativeFlags(int applicationFlags) {
int flags = 0;
if ((applicationFlags & FLAG_CASE_INSENSITIVE) != 0) {
flags |= Pattern.CASE_INSENSITIVE;
}
if ((applicationFlags & FLAG_MULTILINE) != 0) {
flags |= Pattern.MULTILINE;
}
if ((applicationFlags & FLAG_DOTALL) != 0) {
flags |= Pattern.DOTALL;
}
if ((applicationFlags & FLAG_UNICODE_CASE) != 0
|| (applicationFlags & FLAG_UNICODE_CHARACTER_COMPATIBILITY) != 0) {
flags |= Pattern.UNICODE_CASE;
}
if ((applicationFlags & FLAG_COMMENTS) != 0) {
flags |= Pattern.COMMENTS;
}
if ((applicationFlags & FLAG_UNIX_LINES) != 0) {
flags |= Pattern.UNIX_LINES;
}
return flags;
}
private static long replacementExpansionLength(Matcher matcher, String replacement) {
long length = 0;
for (int index = 0; index < replacement.length(); index++) {
char current = replacement.charAt(index);
if (current == '\\') {
index++;
if (index >= replacement.length()) {
throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException();
}
length++;
} else if (current == '$') {
index++;
if (index >= replacement.length()) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("");
}
int group = Character.digit(replacement.charAt(index), 10);
if (group < 0) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("");
}
String value = matcher.group(group);
// TeaVM 0.15.0's native replacement path dereferences this
// value too, including its unmatched-capture behaviour.
length += value.length();
} else {
length++;
}
if (length > MAXIMUM_NATIVE_OUTPUT_UTF16) {
return length;
}
}
return length;
}
private static void appendBounded(
StringBuffer output,
String value,
int start,
int end,
int maximumLength) {
int remaining = maximumLength - output.length();
if (remaining <= 0 || start >= end) {
return;
}
int boundedEnd = Math.min(end, start + remaining);
if (boundedEnd < end
&& boundedEnd > start
&& Character.isHighSurrogate(value.charAt(boundedEnd - 1))
&& Character.isLowSurrogate(value.charAt(boundedEnd))) {
boundedEnd--;
}
output.append(value, start, boundedEnd);
}
private static String failure(String status, String name, String message, int index) {
FieldWriter result = new FieldWriter();
result.field("1");
result.field(status);
result.field(name == null ? "Error" : name);
result.field(message == null ? "" : message);
result.number(index);
return result.toString();
}
private static String safeMessage(RuntimeException failure, String fallback) {
String message = failure.getMessage();
return message == null || message.length() == 0 ? fallback : message;
}
private static void appendNumber(StringBuilder output, int value) {
String encoded = Integer.toString(value);
output.append(encoded.length()).append(':').append(encoded);
}
private static final class FieldWriter {
private final StringBuilder output = new StringBuilder();
void field(String value) {
output.append(value.length()).append(':').append(value);
}
void number(int value) {
field(Integer.toString(value));
}
void bool(boolean value) {
field(value ? "1" : "0");
}
void raw(StringBuilder encodedFields) {
output.append(encodedFields);
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return output.toString();
}
}
}